51407
which
[[English]]
ipa :/wɪt͡ʃ/[Alternative forms]
- whiche (obsolete)
- wich (Jamaican English)
[Determiner]
which
1.(interrogative) What, of those mentioned or implied.
Which song shall we play?
They couldn't decide which song to play.
Which one is bigger?
Show me which one is bigger.
2.The/Any ... that; whichever.
You may go which way you please.
3.(relative, formal outside certain phrases) Designates the one(s) previously mentioned.
4.1860, Alfred Henry Forrester, Fairy footsteps, or, Lessons from legends, with illustr., by Alfred Crowquill, page 166 (Google Books view):
After glaring upon the smoking philosopher, who took his misfortunes with such positive nonchalance, he growled out an oath in German, which language is particularly adapted for growling in; then, raising his hand, he dealt him a blow on his pipe, which sent it, like a rocket, into the midst of the players.
5.2015 January 21, Texas Public Radio, “Voices From Death Row: A Prisoner Writes An Ode To ‘Living Dyingly’”, in Texas Public Radio:
Whitaker’s blog post, housed on a website called Minutes Before Six, goes on to make references to Albert Camus’ 1947 classic, The Plague, dips into a Camus-inspired existential ramble and returns to an attempt to convey the detail of Prieto’s being essentially “noble,” which fact, he admits, will be lost in translation to anyone unfamiliar with death row units.
6.2015 May 2, Adarsh Matham, “Battle of the Smartphones”, in The New Indian Express:
All the phones come in plastic bodies that have been given a brushed-metal finish and carry 64-bit processors from Intel, which fact they proudly announce with an Intel Inside logo on the back.
He once owned a painting of the house, which painting would later be stolen.
Yesterday, I met three men with long beards, which men I remember vividly.
For several seconds he sat in silence, during which time the tea and sandwiches arrived.
I'm thinking of getting a new car, in which case I'd get a red one.
[Etymology]
From Middle English which, hwic, wilche, hwilch, whilk, hwilc, from Old English hwelċ (“which”), from Proto-Germanic *hwilīkaz (“what kind”, literally “like what”), derived from *hwaz, equivalent to who + like. Cognates include Scots whilk (“which”), West Frisian hokker (“which”), Dutch welk (“which”), Low German welk (“which”), German welcher (“which”), Danish hvilken (“which”), Swedish vilken (“which”), Norwegian hvilken (“which”), Icelandic hvílíkur (“which”).
[Pronoun]
which
1.(interrogative) What one or ones (of those mentioned or implied).
Which is which?
By now, you must surely know which is which.
Which is bigger, the red one or the blue one?
I'm unable to determine which is bigger.
Which of these do you want to keep?
2.2013 August 17, Schumpeter, “In praise of laziness”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8849:
Which of these banes of modern business life is worse remains open to debate. But what is clear is that office workers are on a treadmill of pointless activity. Managers allow meetings to drag on for hours. Workers generate e-mails because it requires little effort and no thought. An entire management industry exists to spin the treadmill ever faster.
3.The/Any ones that; whichever.
Please take which you please.
4.(relative) Introduces a non-restrictive relative clause giving further information about something previously mentioned.
He walked by a door with a sign, which read: PRIVATE OFFICE.
I found my camera, which I thought I'd lost, under the bed.
He had to leave, which was very difficult.
5.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 1:1:
Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us...
6.1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. […] A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.
7.1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0091:
There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.
8.2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:
Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.
9.2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.
10.(relative, sometimes proscribed) Introduces a restrictive relative clause giving further information about something previously mentioned. (see usage notes)
11.(relative, chiefly archaic) Used of people (now generally who, whom, that; which remains possible with words also referred to by it like baby, child).
12.1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts:
The men which acompanyed him on his waye stode amased, for they herde a voyce, butt sawe no man.
[[Chinese]]
[Conjunction]
which
1.(Hong Kong Cantonese) which; discourse marker introducing personal assessment or comment of the preceding clause
[Etymology]
From English which (“non-restrictive relative clause marker”).
[References]
- Brian Hok-Shing Chan (2022), “Constructional Borrowing From English in Hong Kong Cantonese”, in Frontiers in Communication, volume 7, →DOI
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/hwit͡ʃ/[Alternative forms]
- hwic, hwilc, hwilch, whiche, whilk, whyche, wilche
[Etymology]
From Old English hwelċ, from Proto-Germanic *hwilīkaz.
[Pronoun]
which
1.which
2.1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.”
(please add an English translation of this quotation)
[References]
- “which” listed in the Middle English Dictionary [2001]
- “which, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
[[Yola]]
[Pronoun]
which
1.Alternative form of wich
2.1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 102:
Which maate mee hearth as coale as leed.
Which made my heart as cold as lead.
[References]
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 102
0
0
2009/12/28 21:17
2024/02/14 07:13
TaN
51409
get down
[[English]]
[References]
- “get down”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[Verb]
get down (third-person singular simple present gets down, present participle getting down, simple past got down, past participle (UK) got down or (US) gotten down)
1.(transitive or intransitive) To bring or come down; to descend; to cause to bring or come down.
The kitten climbed the tree, but then couldn't get down again.
Don't worry, I got the kitten down.
2.(transitive) To swallow (something).
The pill was so large that he couldn't get it down.
3.(informal, intransitive) To duck or take cover, usually to avoid harm. Commonly used as a caution or warning in the imperative.
With bullets flying, all I could do was get down and pray.
4.To concentrate; attend.
To get down to the matter at hand.
5.(transitive) To depress; discourage; fatigue.
Nothing gets me down so much as a rainy day.
6.To relax and enjoy oneself completely; be uninhibited in one's enjoyment.
Getting down with a bunch of old friends.
7.2011, “Friday”, performed by Rebecca Black ft. Patrice Wilson:
It's Friday, Friday / Gotta get down on Friday / Everybody's lookin' forward to the weekend, weekend
8.(informal, intransitive) To dance, particularly without inhibition or restraint, or in a sexually suggestive manner.
Synonym: boogie down
9.(informal, intransitive) To party.
10.(informal, intransitive) To have sex.
11.1971, Gil Scott-Heron (lyrics and music), “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised”:
And women will not care if Dick finally got down with Jane on Search for Tomorrow
12.1975, “Get Down Tonight”, performed by KC and the Sunshine Band:
Oh, do a little dance / Make a little love / Get down tonight, get down tonight
13.1978, “Dirty Weekend”, in Blondes Have More Fun, performed by Rod Stewart:
You get naked, honey, I'll get down / I'm gonna chase you around
14.(intransitive, Britain, informal, of a child) To leave the table after dining.
Mummy, can I get down please?
15.(transitive) To record in writing.
Synonym: take down
Quick, here's a pen, get this down will you, before I forget.
16.(transitive) To criticise
Ann is always getting down on these students
17.Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see get, down.
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0
2024/02/14 07:14
TaN
51410
get in
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- Teign, tinge
[Interjection]
get in
1.(UK, slang) An exclamation of joy at one's success.
Synonym: result
- You gained full marks in the exam.
- Get in!
[Verb]
get in (third-person singular simple present gets in, present participle getting in, simple past got in, past participle (UK) got in or (US) gotten in)
1.Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see get, in.
2.(transitive) To get into or inside something, literally or figuratively.
Hurry up and get in the car!
He tried to go after the ball but couldn't get in the game.
You'd better get in gear. We've got work to do!
3.(intransitive) To enter a place; to gain access.
If you want to get in, you'll need the gate code and a key.
Teens walk the redlight district but can never get in.
They hacked his password and finally got in.
4.(intransitive, transitive, idiomatic) To secure membership at a selective school.
All of our students who applied to university got in.
5.(intransitive, idiomatic) To be elected to some office.
Do the early results say our candidate will get in?
6.(of evenings or nights) To become dark earlier as a result of seasonal change; to draw in.
Winter's on the way, and the nights are getting in.
7.(intransitive) To arrive.
What time does your flight get in?
It was gone 9 o'clock by the time I got in from work last night.
0
0
2012/10/23 05:14
2024/02/14 07:14
51411
generational
[[English]]
[Adjective]
generational (not comparable)
1.Of, pertaining to, or changing over generations.
2.2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times[1]:
The generational shift Mr. Obama once embodied is, in fact, well under way, but it will not change Washington as quickly — or as harmoniously — as a lot of voters once hoped.
[Etymology]
generation + -al
0
0
2023/01/12 09:12
2024/02/14 07:14
TaN
51413
better
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈbɛtə/[Etymology 1]
From Middle English better, bettre, betre, from Old English betera (“better”), from Proto-West Germanic *batiʀō, from Proto-Germanic *batizô (“better”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰed-rós, from *bʰed- (“good”).Cognate with Sanskrit भद्र (bhadrá, “blessed, fortunate, happy, good”) (from *bʰn̥d-ró-s). For Germanic cognates: see Proto-Germanic *batizô. Related to best and battle (“getting better, improving, fruitful, fertile”). Compare also Icelandic batna (“to improve”), bót (“improvement”), German besser. More at batten, boot.Persian ⁧بهتر⁩ (behtar) is a false cognate.
[Etymology 2]
Shortening of had better ('d better)
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English beteren, from Old English beterian, betrian, from Proto-Germanic *batizōną. Cognate with West Frisian betterje (“to better”), Dutch beteren (“to better”), German bessern (“to better”), Danish bedre (“to better”), Swedish bättra (“to better”).
[Etymology 4]
Alternative spelling of bettor or modern formation from the verb to bet.
[References]
- “better”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “better”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[[Central Franconian]]
ipa :/ˈbetʌ/[Adjective]
better (masculine bettere, feminine better, comparative betterer, superlative et betterste)
1.(most dialects) bitter
Proverb: Mösse es e better Krock. ― To be obliged is a bitter herb.
[Alternative forms]
- botter, bötter (Eifel)
[Etymology]
From Old High German bittar.
[[Middle English]]
[[Scots]]
ipa :[ˈbɛtər][Adjective]
better
1.comparative degree of guid
[Adverb]
better (comparative mair better, superlative maist better)
1.better
2.quite recovered from illness
3.more than
[Etymology]
From Middle English bettre, from Old English betera.
[Noun]
better (uncountable)
1.that which is better, something better or superior
[Verb]
better (third-person singular simple present betters, present participle betterin, simple past bettert, past participle bettert)
1.to better, improve
[[West Frisian]]
[Adjective]
better
1.inflection of goed:
1.predicative comparative degree
2.indefinite neuter singular comparative degree
0
0
2019/11/28 11:34
2024/02/14 07:16
TaN
51416
resilience
[[English]]
ipa :/ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/[Etymology]
From resilio + -ence, from Latin resiliō (“to spring back”).
[Further reading]
- resilience on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[Noun]
resilience (countable and uncountable, plural resiliences)
1.(psychology, neuroscience) The mental ability to recover quickly from depression, illness or misfortune.
2.(physics) The physical property of material that can resume its shape after being stretched or deformed; elasticity.
3.The positive capacity of an organizational system or company to adapt and return to equilibrium after a crisis, failure or any kind of disruption, including: an outage, natural disasters, man-made disasters, terrorism, or similar (particularly IT systems, archives).
4.2023 October 18, “Network News: Carmont: NR pays nearly £1m in out-of-court settlements”, in RAIL, number 994, page 15:
Network Rail previously said it is determined to build upon the "significant changes" it has made since the accident, which have "helped us to manage the risk of severe weather to the network". It has invested millions to improve the resilience of the railway.
5.The capacity to resist destruction or defeat, especially when under extreme pressure.
0
0
2017/09/25 15:07
2024/02/14 07:20
TaN
51417
replication
[[English]]
ipa :/ɹɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/[Etymology]
By surface analysis, from replicate + -(at)ion. Diachronically, from Middle English replicacioun, replicacion, from Anglo-Norman replicacioun and Old French replicacion (“reply, answer”), from Latin replicātiō, replicātiōnem.
[Noun]
replication (countable and uncountable, plural replications)
1.The process by which an object, person, place or idea may be copied mimicked or reproduced.
2.2014, Wikipedia, DNA replication:
DNA replication is the process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule.
3.Copy; reproduction.
That painting is an almost exact replication of a famous Rembrandt painting.
4.(law) A response from the plaintiff to the defendant's plea.
5.(biology) The process of producing replicas of DNA or RNA molecules.
6.(computing) The process of frequent electronic data copying a one database in one computer or server to a database in another so that all users share the same level of information. Used to improve fault tolerance of the system.
[Synonyms]
The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
- repetition
- duplication
- imitation
- copying
- reproduction
- copy
- repeat
- carbon copy
- duplicate
- replica
0
0
2024/02/14 07:20
TaN
51418
best
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈbɛst/[Anagrams]
- BTEs, Bets, bets
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English beste, best, from Old English betst, betest, from Proto-Germanic *batistaz.
[Etymology 2]
Shortening of had best
[References]
- “best”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “best”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/bɛst/[Etymology 1]
From Middle Dutch best, from Old Dutch *betst, from Proto-Germanic *batistaz, superlative of *gōdaz. Compare Low German best, English best, West Frisian best, German besten, Danish bedst.
[[Masurian]]
ipa :[ˈbɛst][Etymology]
Inherited from Old Polish bez.
[Further reading]
- Erwin Kruk, editor (November 2011), “best”, in Mały Słownik Gwary Mazurskiej [A Small Dictionary of the Masurian Dialect], archived from the original on 2023-08-11
- Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021), “I. bez”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 165
- Günter Donder (2011) Kleines masurisches Wörterbuch mit Lesestücken und einen Tonträger[2] (in German), archived from the original on 2023-12-10
[Noun]
best m inan (related adjective bestowi)
1.elder (bush of genus Sambucus)
2.lilac (bush of genus Syringa)
[[Middle Dutch]]
ipa :/best/[Adjective]
best
1.best; superlative degree of goet
[Adverb]
best
1.best; superlative degree of wel
[Etymology]
From Old Dutch *betst, from Proto-Germanic *batistaz.
[[Middle English]]
[Etymology 1]
From Old English betst, betest.
[Etymology 2]
From Old French beste.
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
[Adjective]
best
1.indefinite singular superlative degree of god: best
2.indefinite singular superlative degree of bra: best
[Etymology]
From Old Norse beztr.
[References]
- “best” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
[Adjective]
best
1.indefinite singular superlative degree of god: best
2.indefinite singular superlative degree of bra
[Etymology]
From Old Norse beztr.
[References]
- “best” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old Saxon]]
[Adverb]
best
1.best
[Alternative forms]
- betst
[Etymology]
From Proto-Germanic *batistaz.
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈbɛst͡ʃ/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English best.
[Further reading]
- “best” in Dicionário inFormal.
[Noun]
best m or f by sense (invariable)
1.(Brazil, chiefly Internet slang) bestie
Synonym: BFF
[[Scots]]
ipa :[bɛst][Adjective]
best
1.superlative degree of guid
[Noun]
best (plural bests)
1.groomsman
[[Swedish]]
[Anagrams]
- bets
[Etymology]
Ultimately from Latin bēstia.
[Noun]
best c
1.beast
0
0
2009/07/10 11:31
2024/02/14 07:22
TaN
51420
in the same vein
[[English]]
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Prepositional phrase]
in the same vein
1.Of similar kind.
His comments to the press were in the same carping vein as in previous speeches.
[Synonyms]
- (as adjective): Similar, like, alike; related.
- (as adverb): Similarly, likewise; relatedly.
- (as prepositional phrase): of like ilk
0
0
2024/02/14 07:53
TaN
51421
same
[[English]]
ipa :/seɪm/[Anagrams]
- AMEs, ASME, Ames, EMAS, MSAE, Mesa, eams, mase, meas, meas., mesa, seam
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English same, from Old Norse samr (“same”) and/or Old English same, sama (“same”) in the phrase swā same (swā) (“in like manner, in the same way (as)”), both from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same”), from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same”).Cognate with Scots samin (“same, like, together”), Dutch samen (“together”), Danish samme (“same”), Swedish samma (“same”), Norwegian Bokmål samme (“same”), Norwegian Nynorsk same (“same”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰 (sama), a weak adjectival form, Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same”), Old Irish som, Russian са́мый (sámyj), Sanskrit सम (samá), Persian ⁧هم⁩ (ham, “also, same”).
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English same, samme, samen, (also ysame, isame), from Old English samen (“together”), from Proto-Germanic *samanai (“together”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, together”). Cognate with Scots samin (“together”), Dutch samen (“together”), German zusammen (“together”), Swedish samman (“together”), Icelandic saman (“together”).
[Further reading]
- “same”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “same”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “same”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :[ˈsame][Adverb]
same
1.equally
[[Finnish]]
ipa :/ˈsɑmeˣ/[Etymology]
samea + -e
[Noun]
same (rare)
1.cloudy liquid or fluid; fluid that has become cloudy due to its temperature being below the cloud point
[[French]]
[Adjective]
same (plural sames)
1.Sami
[Noun]
same m or f by sense (plural sames)
1.Samisame m (uncountable)
1.Sami (language)
[[Hadza]]
ipa :/same/[Verb]
same
1.(transitive) to eat
[[Japanese]]
[Romanization]
same
1.Rōmaji transcription of さめ
[[Middle English]]
[Noun]
same
1.Alternative form of seym
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
[Noun]
same m (definite singular samen, indefinite plural samer, definite plural samene)
1.Sami; member of the Sami people
[References]
- “same” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
[Synonyms]
- lapp (derogatory)
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/²sɑːmə/[Etymology 1]
From Northern Sami sápmi.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Norse sami. Akin to English same.
[References]
- “same” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old Prussian]]
ipa :/zæmˈe/[Etymology]
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm (“land, earth”).
[Noun]
same
1.earth (element)
2.earth, ground
[[Pali]]
[Adjective]
same
1.masculine/neuter locative singular of sama
2.masculine accusative plural of sama
3.feminine vocative singular of sama
[Alternative forms]
Alternative forms
- 𑀲𑀫𑁂 (Brahmi script)
- समे (Devanagari script)
- সমে (Bengali script)
- සමෙ (Sinhalese script)
- သမေ (Burmese script)
- สเม or สะเม (Thai script)
- ᩈᨾᩮ (Tai Tham script)
- ສເມ or ສະເມ (Lao script)
- សមេ (Khmer script)
- 𑄥𑄟𑄬 (Chakma script)
[Noun]
same
1.vocative singular of samā
[[Polish]]
ipa :/ˈsa.mɛ/[Adjective]
same
1.nonvirile nominative/accusative/vocative plural of sam
[[Swedish]]
[Etymology]
From Northern Sami Sámi[1], from one of the Sami languages, of uncertain origin/meaning, but possibly related to Proto-Balto-Slavic *źemē (“land”).[2] More at Sápmi and Sami.
[Noun]
same c
1.Sami; person of the Sami people
[References]
- same in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- same in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- same in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
1. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
2. ^ https://www.sgr.fi/ct/ct51.html
[Synonyms]
- lapp (now often derogatory)
[[Ternate]]
ipa :[ˈsa.me][Noun]
same
1.the tree Trema amboinensis
[References]
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
0
0
2009/06/14 18:15
2024/02/14 07:53
51422
in the can
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- anchient, enanthic
[Prepositional phrase]
in the can
1.(film, of a take) Having been shot and stored in a film can, or at the equivalent stage for a digital take.
2.(idiomatic, of a job or project) At a late stage of completion, generally when the actual work is done and some finalizing process must be undertaken.
0
0
2024/02/14 07:53
TaN
51423
the same
[[English]]
[Adverb]
the same (not comparable)
1.In the same manner; to the same extent, equally.
A mother loves all her children the same.
[Anagrams]
- MHETase
0
0
2024/02/14 07:53
TaN
51425
viability
[[English]]
ipa :/ˌvaɪəˈbɪlɪti/[Etymology]
From viable + -ity
[Noun]
viability (countable and uncountable, plural viabilities)
1.The property of being viable; the ability to live or to succeed
2.1904, Hugo DeVries, Species and Varieties, Their Origin by Mutation
Ordinarily these altered organs are sterile, but in some instances a very small quantity of seed is produced, and when testing their viability I succeeded in raising a few plants from them.
3.1980, Jimmy Carter, State of the Union Address
In making its grants the Endowment will increase its emphasis on techniques which stimulate support for the humanities from non-Federal sources, in order to reinforce our tradition of private philanthropy in this field, and to insure and expand the financial, viability of our cultural institutions and life.
[References]
- viability on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
0
0
2017/09/26 13:24
2024/02/14 07:59
TaN
51426
byword
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈbaɪ.wə(ɹ)d/[Etymology]
From Middle English byword, byworde (“proverb”), from Old English bīword, bīwyrd, bīwyrde (“proverb, household word", also "adverb”), from Proto-West Germanic *bīwurdī, equivalent to by- + word. Compare Latin proverbium, which byword may possibly be a translation of. Cognate with Old High German pīwurti (“proverb”). Compare also Old English bīspel (“proverb, example”), bīcwide (“byword, proverb, tale, fable”), Dutch bijwoord (“adverb”).
[Further reading]
- “byword”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[Noun]
byword (plural bywords)
1.A proverb or proverbial expression, common saying; a frequently used word or phrase.
2.A characteristic word or expression; a word or phrase associated with a person or group.
3.Someone or something that stands as an example (i.e. metonymically) for something else, by having some of that something's characteristic traits.
4.1846, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Christmas Banquet”, in Mosses from an Old Manse:
Illustrious unfortunates attract a wider sympathy, not because their griefs are more intense, but because, being set on lofty pedestals, they the better serve mankind as instances and bywords of calamity.
5.An object of notoriety or contempt, scorn or derision.
6.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 17:6:
He hath made me also a byword of the people […]
7.1890, Oscar Wilde, chapter XII, in The Picture of Dorian Gray:
"I know you and Harry are inseparable. Surely for that reason, if for none other, you should not have made his sister's name a by-word."
8.A nickname or epithet.
[See also]
- bispel
- byspel
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/ˈbiːˌwurd/[Alternative forms]
- biword, biworde, bywoorde, by-word, byworde
[Etymology]
From Old English bīword, modified from earlier bīwyrde, from Proto-West Germanic *bīwurdī; equivalent to by- + word.
[Noun]
byword
1.byword
0
0
2024/02/14 07:59
TaN
51427
taken
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈteɪkən/[Adjective]
taken (not comparable)
1.Infatuated; fond of or attracted to.
He was very taken with the girl, I hear.
2.(informal) In a serious romantic relationship.
I can't ask her out, she's taken.
[Alternative forms]
- ta'en, tane (archaic, dialectal, Scotland)
[Anagrams]
- Kenta, tekan
[Etymology]
From Middle English taken, takenn, from Old English tacen, *ġetacen, from Old Norse tekinn, from Proto-Germanic *tēkanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to take; grasp; touch”). Cognate with Scots takin, tane, Danish tagen, Swedish tagen, Icelandic tekin.Morphologically take + -n.
[Verb]
taken
1.past participle of take
2.1662, John Baxter, A Saint Or a Brute […] [1], page 26:
No doubt many a journey you have rode and gone, and many a hard daies labour you have taken, and ſharpened perhaps with care and grief […]
[[Dutch]]
ipa :-aːkən[Anagrams]
- akten, kante, tanke
[Etymology 1]
From Middle Dutch tāken, from Old Dutch *takan, from Proto-West Germanic *takan (“to take; grasp, touch”), from Proto-Germanic *takaną (“to touch, grasp; take”).
[Etymology 2]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[[Middle Dutch]]
[Etymology]
From Old Dutch *takan, from Proto-West Germanic *takan (“to take; grasp, touch”), from Proto-Germanic *takaną (“to touch, grasp; take”).
[Further reading]
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “taken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
[Verb]
tāken
1.to take, to grab
2.to get, to achieve
[[Middle English]]
[Etymology 1]
From late Old English tacan, from Old Norse taka, from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch, grasp”).
[[Swedish]]
[Anagrams]
- akten, naket, nekat, tanke
[Noun]
taken
1.definite plural of tak
0
0
2016/05/17 10:38
2024/02/17 18:15
51428
hammered
[[English]]
[Adjective]
hammered (comparative more hammered, superlative most hammered)
1.Having been hit with a hammer or hammer-like object.
2.(UK, slang) very drunk; inebriated.
3.2019, Candice Carty-Williams, Queenie, Trapeze, page 243:
‘Yeah, sorry about that, I was hammered.’
[Synonyms]
- See also Thesaurus:drunk
[Verb]
hammered
1.simple past and past participle of hammer
0
0
2023/03/08 10:05
2024/02/17 18:19
TaN
51429
stay
[[English]]
ipa :/steɪ/[Anagrams]
- Tsay, Yats, tays, yats
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English steyen, staien, from Old French estayer, estaier (“to fix, prop up, support, stay”), from estaye, estaie (“a prop, stay”), from Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”), a contracted form of staede, stade (“a prop, stay, help, aid”) (compare Middle Dutch staeyen, staeden (“to make firm, stay, support, hold still, stabilise”)), from Proto-West Germanic *stadi (“a site, place, location, standing”), from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing”). Influenced by Old English stæġ ("a stay, rope"; see below). Cognate with Old English stede, stæde (“a place, spot, locality, fixed position, station, site, standing, status, position of a moving body, stopping, standing still, stability, fixity, firmness, steadfastness”), Swedish stödja (“to prop, support, brace, hold up, bolster”), Icelandic stöðug (“continuous, stable”). More at stead, steady.Sense of "remain, continue" may be due to later influence from Old French ester, esteir (“to stand, be, continue, remain”), from Latin stāre (“stand”), from the same Proto-Indo-European root above; however, derivation from this root is untenable based on linguistic and historical grounds.[1]An alternative etymology derives Old French estaye, estaie, from Frankish *stakā, *stakō (“stake, post”), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake, bar, stick, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“rod, pole, stick”), making it cognate with Old English staca (“pin, stake”), Old English stician (“to stick, be placed, lie, remain fixed”). Cognate with Albanian shtagë (“a long stick, a pole”). More at stake, stick.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English stay, from Old French estaye, estaie (“a prop, a stay”), from Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”), a contracted form of staede, stade ("a prop, stay, help, aid"; compare Middle Dutch staeyen, staeden (“to make firm, stay, support, hold still, stabilise”)), from Old Dutch *stad (“a site, place, location, standing”), from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). See above.
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English stay, from Old English stæġ (“stay, a rope supporting a mast”), from Proto-Germanic *stagą (“stay, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *stek-, *stāk- (“stand, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Dutch stag (“stay”), German Stag (“stay”), Swedish stag (“stay”), Icelandic stag (“stay”).
[Etymology 4]
From Middle English *steȝe, from Old English *stǣġe, an apocopated variant of stǣġel (“steep, abrupt”), from Proto-Germanic *staigilaz (“climbing, ascending, sloping, steep”), see sty.
[Further reading]
- “stay”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “stay”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[[Middle English]]
[Alternative forms]
- staye, stey
[Etymology]
From Old English stæġ (“stay, a rope supporting a mast”), from Proto-Germanic *stagą (“stay, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *stek-, *stāk- (“stand, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *stā- (“to stand”).
[Noun]
stay (plural stayes)
1.(nautical) A stay (rope).
0
0
2009/07/02 21:08
2024/02/17 18:20
TaN
51431
array
[[English]]
ipa :/əˈɹeɪ/[Antonyms]
- (orderly series): disarray
[Etymology]
From Middle English arrayen, from Anglo-Norman arraier (compare Old French arraier, areer (“to put in order”)), from Medieval Latin arrēdō (“to put in order, arrange, array”), from *rēdum (“preparation, order”), from Frankish *raid or *raidā (“preparation, order”) or Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs, “ready, prepared”), from Proto-Germanic *raidaz, *raidiz (“ready”). Compare Old English rād (“condition, stipulation”), Old High German antreitī (“order, rank”). Doublet of ready.
[Noun]
array (countable and uncountable, plural arrays)
1.Clothing and ornamentation.
2.2017, anonymous author, “Sovay”, in Roud # 7, Laws N21[2]:
Sovay, Sovay all on a day, She dressed herself in man's array, With a sword and a pistol all by her side, To meet her true love to meet her true love away did ride.
3.1700, [John] Dryden, “Palamon and Arcite: Or, The Knight’s Tale. In Three Books.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book I, page 8:
In this Remembrance Emily e’re day / Aroſe, and dreſs’d her ſelf in rich Array […]
4.A collection laid out to be viewed in full.
5.1788 June, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, “Mr. Sheridan’s Speech, on Summing Up the Evidence on the Second, or Begum Charge against Warren Hastings, Esq., Delivered before the High Court of Parliament, June 1788”, in Select Speeches, Forensick and Parliamentary, with Prefatory Remarks by N[athaniel] Chapman, M.D., volume I, [Philadelphia, Pa.]: Published by Hopkins and Earle, no. 170, Market Street, published 1808, →OCLC, page 474:
The Begums' ministers, on the contrary, to extort from them the disclosure of the place which concealed the treasures, were, […] after being fettered and imprisoned, led out on to a scaffold, and this array of terrours proving unavailing, the meek tempered Middleton, as a dernier resort, menaced them with a confinement in the fortress of Chunargar. Thus, my lords, was a British garrison made the climax of cruelties!
6.2002, David L. Thompson, “River of Memories -An Appalachian Boyhood”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 69:
Upon leaving the center, I photographed the colorful array of petunias decorating the square in purple, pink, yellow, white, and magenta.
7.An orderly series, arrangement or sequence.
8.1855–1858, William H[ickling] Prescott, History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain, volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, →OCLC:
But the chivalry of France was represented by as gallant an array of nobles and cavaliers as ever fought under the banner of the lilies
9.Order; a regular and imposing arrangement; disposition in regular lines; hence, order of battle.
drawn up in battle array
10.1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volumes (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC:
wedged together in the closest array
11.A large collection.
We offer a dazzling array of choices.
12.1814, Lord Byron, “Canto III”, in The Corsair, a Tale, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], for John Murray, […], →OCLC, stanza I, page 64, lines 1218–1211:
Again his waves in milder tints unfold / Their long array of sapphire and of gold, / Mixt with the shades of many a distant isle, / That frown—where gentler ocean seems to smile.
13.2011 October 23, Phil McNulty, “Man Utd 1 - 6 Man City”, in BBC Sport[3]:
Mario Balotelli, in the headlines for accidentally setting his house ablaze with fireworks, put City on their way with goals either side of the interval as United struggled to contain the array of attacking talent in front of them.
14.(mathematics) A matrix.
15.(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.
16.(law) A ranking or setting forth in order, by the proper officer, of a jury as impanelled in a cause; the panel itself; or the whole body of jurors summoned to attend the court.
17.(military) A militia.
18.A group of hedgehogs.[1]
19.A microarray.
[Synonyms]
- (to clothe and ornament): don, dress, put on; see also Thesaurus:clothe or Thesaurus:decorate
[Verb]
array (third-person singular simple present arrays, present participle arraying, simple past and past participle arrayed)
1.To clothe and ornament; to adorn or attire.
He was arrayed in his finest robes and jewels.
2.1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 37, page 317:
In a long purple pall, whose ſkirt with gold, / Was fretted all about, ſhe was arayd, […]
3.To lay out in an orderly arrangement; to deploy or marshal.
4.(law) To set in order, as a jury, for the trial of a cause; that is, to call them one at a time.
5.1768, William Blackstone, “Of the Trial by Jury”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 359:
Alſo, though there be no perſonal objection againſt the ſheriff, yet if he arrays the panel at the nomination, or under the direction of either party, this is good cauſe of challenge to the array.
[[Portuguese]]
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English array.
[Noun]
array m (plural arrays)
1.(programming) array (any of various data structures)
Synonym: vetor
0
0
2020/02/17 23:51
2024/02/17 18:32
TaN
51434
highly
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈhaɪli/[Adverb]
highly (comparative highlier or more highly, superlative highliest or most highly)
1.In a high or esteemed manner.
He spoke highly of you.
2.Extremely; greatly; very much.
He is in a highly visible job.
3.2013 May-June, David Van Tassel, Lee DeHaan, “Wild Plants to the Rescue”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:
Plant breeding is always a numbers game. […] The wild species we use are rich in genetic variation, and individual plants are highly heterozygous and do not breed true. In addition, we are looking for rare alleles, so the more plants we try, the better.
[Etymology]
From Middle English hiȝly, heȝly, heyȝliche, from Old English hēalīce (“highly”), equivalent to high + -ly. Cognate with Dutch hoogelijk (“highly”), German höchlich (“highly”), Danish højlig (“highly”), Swedish högligen (“highly”).
0
0
2010/02/03 12:53
2024/02/20 10:57
TaN
51435
pathogenic
[[English]]
ipa :-ɛnɪk[Adjective]
pathogenic (comparative more pathogenic, superlative most pathogenic)
1.(pathology) Able to cause (harmful) disease.
While the environment is teeming with bacteria and fungi, most are not pathogenic.
2.(music) Consisting of harsh, percussive, nonverbal sounds.
3.2008, Curt Sachs, The Rise of Music in the Ancient World, East and West, page 42:
Melogenic music represents the wide middle area between the extremes of logogenic and pathogenic music.
[Etymology]
patho- + -genic
0
0
2023/02/17 09:22
2024/02/20 10:57
TaN
51436
seal
[[English]]
ipa :/siːl/[Anagrams]
- ASLE, Ales, ELAS, Elsa, LAEs, LEAs, Sale, Salé, Sela, aels, ales, lase, leas, sale, sela
[Etymology 1]
A leopard seal.From Middle English sele, from an inflectional form of Old English seolh, from Proto-West Germanic *selh, from Proto-Germanic *selhaz (compare Scots selch,selkie,North Frisian selich, Middle Dutch seel, zēle, Old High German selah, Danish sæl, Middle Low German sale), either from Proto-Indo-European *selk- (“to pull”) (compare dialectal English sullow (“plough”)) or from early Proto-Finnic *šülkeš (later *hülgeh, compare dialectal Finnish hylki, standard hylje, Estonian hüljes).
[Etymology 2]
A seal on a diplomaFrom Middle English sele, from Anglo-Norman sëel, from Latin sigillum, a diminutive of signum (“sign”).Doublet of sigil and sigillum.
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English *selen (suggested by Middle English sele (“harness; hame”)), perhaps from Old English sǣlan (“to bind”).
[[Estonian]]
[Etymology 1]
Superessive of see (“this, it”). Akin to Finnish siellä and Ingrian seel.
[Etymology 2]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[[Irish]]
ipa :/ˈʃalˠ/[Etymology]
From Old Irish sel, from Proto-Celtic *swelo- (“turn”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn”).
[Further reading]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- “seal”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “seal”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 625
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “seal”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
[Mutation]
[Noun]
seal m (genitive singular seala, nominative plural sealanna)
1.a turn (chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others)
[[West Frisian]]
[Etymology 1]
From Old Frisian sāl, from Proto-West Germanic *sadul.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Frisian *sele, from Proto-West Germanic *sali.
0
0
2010/06/08 11:58
2024/02/20 10:57
51437
Seal
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- ASLE, Ales, ELAS, Elsa, LAEs, LEAs, Sale, Salé, Sela, aels, ales, lase, leas, sale, sela
[Etymology]
- As an English surname, spelling variant of Sale
- As an occupational English surname, related to seal
- As an occupational English surname, from Old French sele (“saddle”)
- As an English nickname-derived surname, from seal (the animal)
- As a Jewish surname, spelling variant or semantic loan of Siegel
[Further reading]
- Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Seal”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York City: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
[Proper noun]
Seal (plural Seals)
1.A surname.
2.A village in Sevenoaks district, Kent, England.
0
0
2021/11/05 09:38
2024/02/20 10:57
TaN
51438
SEAL
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- ASLE, Ales, ELAS, Elsa, LAEs, LEAs, Sale, Salé, Sela, aels, ales, lase, leas, sale, sela
[Noun]
SEAL (plural SEALs)
1.(military) Short for Navy SEAL (“member of the Sea, Air, Land unit”).
0
0
2021/11/05 09:38
2024/02/20 10:57
TaN
51439
pinniped
[[English]]
[Adjective]
pinniped (comparative more pinniped, superlative most pinniped)
1.Pertaining to or similar to such a mammal.
[Alternative forms]
- pinnipede
[Etymology]
Latin pinna (“fin”) + pes (“foot”)
[Further reading]
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “pinniped”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
[Noun]
pinniped (plural pinnipeds)
1.Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the superfamily (formerly considered a suborder) Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.
0
0
2024/02/20 10:58
TaN
51440
landmark
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈlændmɑɹk/[Alternative forms]
- land-mark, land mark
[Anagrams]
- Markland, markland
[Etymology]
From Middle English *landmark, from Old English landmearc (“boundary”), from Proto-West Germanic *landamarku (“boundary, landmark”). Equivalent to land + mark. Cognate with German Landmarke (“landmark”), Danish landemærke (“landmark”), Swedish landmärke (“landmark”), Norwegian landemerke (“landmark”) and Faroese landamark (“land frontier”). Compare also Middle English londes-mark (“boundary”).
[Further reading]
- landmark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[Noun]
landmark (plural landmarks)
1.(historical) An object that marks the boundary of a piece of land (usually a stone, or a tree).
Synonym: merestone
2.A recognizable natural or man-made feature used for navigation.
Synonyms: marker, mark
3.2005 January 22, misc.transport.road[1] (Usenet):
Anyone have any weird landmarks they often remember seeing along roads in the olden days?
4.A notable location with historical, cultural, or geographical significance.
Synonyms: monument, sight
5.(figurative, also attributive) A major event or discovery.
Synonym: milestone
an important landmark in human history
a landmark paper in neurosurgery
a landmark ruling/case
6.2005 January 19, “Bush thanks troops at gala event”, in CNN.com[2]:
He called the overthrow of Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein and the recent elections in Afghanistan landmark events in the history of liberty.
7.2021 May 15, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 0-1 Leicester”, in BBC Sport[3]:
Leicester closed out the win to spark emotional scenes as those inside Wembley rejoiced in a landmark victory.
[Verb]
landmark (third-person singular simple present landmarks, present participle landmarking, simple past and past participle landmarked)
1.(US) To officially designate a site or building as a landmark.
2.2007 March 25, Jeff Vandam, “Preservationists’ Rallying Cry”, in New York Times[4]:
“Permitted demolition or stripping rarely occurs on landmarked buildings,” she said. Ms. de Bourbon also noted that the city already requires the Buildings Department to hold permits for 40 days for “calendared” properties — those currently under landmarks consideration — so the commission has a chance to designate them.
0
0
2021/09/17 12:48
2024/02/20 17:31
TaN
51441
stay out
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- outstay
[Verb]
stay out (third-person singular simple present stays out, present participle staying out, simple past and past participle stayed out)
1.(intransitive) To spend time out of one's house.
He stayed out all night in the bar.
2.1972 March 14, Mario Puzo, Francis Ford Coppola, The Godfather, spoken by Bonasera (Salvatore Corsitto), Paramount Pictures:
She found a boyfriend. Not an Italian. She went to the movies with him. She stayed out late. I didn't protest.
3.(transitive) To avoid going into somewhere.
He stayed out of the bar all night.
4.(obsolete) To outstay; to stay longer than.
5.1749, Henry Fielding, “Which Consists of Visiting”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume V, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book XIII, page 29:
The company had now staid so long, that Mrs Fitzpatrick plainly perceived they all designed to stay out each other. She therefore resolved to rid herself of Jones, he being the visitant to whom she thought the least ceremony was due.
0
0
2017/02/22 09:56
2024/02/20 17:32
TaN
51442
Stay
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- Tsay, Yats, tays, yats
[Proper noun]
Stay (plural Stays)
1.A surname.
0
0
2018/07/13 09:28
2024/02/20 17:32
TaN
51443
startling
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈstɑɹ.tl̩.ɪŋ/[Adjective]
startling (comparative more startling, superlative most startling)
1.Likely to startle; surprising; shocking.
Synonym: alarming
2.2011 September 27, Alistair Magowan, “Bayern Munich 2 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport[1]:
That startling admission capped a miserable night for City as they arrived in Germany following an unbeaten start to the season.
[Anagrams]
- rattlings
[Noun]
startling (plural startlings)
1.A startle; a sudden motion or shock.
2.1853, The Scottish Review:
Soon the formications and muscular debility returned, not alone, but accompanied with painful cramps and startlings in the feet and calves of the legs.
[Verb]
startling
1.present participle and gerund of startle
0
0
2009/05/06 12:41
2024/02/20 17:38
TaN
51444
startle
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈstɑːt(ə)l/[Anagrams]
- Slatter, Stalter, Statler, rattles, slatter, starlet
[Etymology]
From Middle English startlen, stertlen, stertyllen (“to rush, stumble along”), from Old English steartlian (“to kick with the foot, struggle, stumble”), equivalent to start + -le. Cognate with Old Norse stirtla (“to hobble, stagger”), Icelandic stirtla (“to straighten up, erect”). Compare also Middle English stertil (“hasty”). More at start.
[Noun]
startle (plural startles)
1.A sudden motion or shock caused by an unexpected alarm, surprise, or apprehension of danger.
2.1845, George Hooker Colton, James Davenport Whelpley, chapter 1, in The American review:
The figure of a man heaving in sight amidst these wide solitudes, always causes a startle and thrill of expectation and doubt, similar to the feeling produced by the announcement of " a strange sail ahead" on shipboard, during a long voyage.
[See also]
- skittish
[Synonyms]
- (to move suddenly): start
- (to excite suddenly): alarm, frighten, scare, surprise
- (deter): deter
[Verb]
startle (third-person singular simple present startles, present participle startling, simple past and past participle startled)
1.(intransitive) To move suddenly, or be excited, on feeling alarm; to start.
a horse that startles easily
2.1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene v, page 1:
Why shrinks the soul / Back on herself, and startles at destruction?
3.1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “A Proposal of Marriage”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 127:
He felt, too, that he was acting unjustly by Ethel: he had allowed a fortnight to elapse—he startled when he numbered up the days; it is strange how we allow them to glide imperceptibly away.
4.(transitive) To excite by sudden alarm, surprise, or apprehension; to frighten suddenly and not seriously; to alarm; to surprise.
5.1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:
The supposition, at least, that angels do sometimes assume bodies need not startle us.
6.1896, Joseph Conrad, chapter I, in An Outcast of the Islands, London: T. Fisher Unwin […], →OCLC, part I, page 10:
Nothing could startle her, make her scold or make her cry. She did not complain, she did not rebel.
7.1997, R. L. Stine, Say Cheese and Die, Again!:
The high voice in the night air startled me. Without thinking, I started to run. Then stopped. I spun around, my heart heaving against my chest. And saw a boy. About my age.
8.(transitive, obsolete) To deter; to cause to deviate.
9.1660, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, The Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon, Lord High Chancellor of England:
it would blast all their hopes, and startle all other princes from joining
10.1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:
As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.
0
0
2009/05/06 12:41
2024/02/20 17:39
TaN
51445
theoretical
[[English]]
ipa :/ˌθi.əˈɹɛtɪkəl/[Adjective]
theoretical (comparative more theoretical, superlative most theoretical)
1.Of or relating to theory; abstract; not empirical.
Antonym: practical
[Etymology]
From Middle English theorothycall, probably from Latin theōrēticus + -al, from Ancient Greek θεωρητικός (theōrētikós).
0
0
2024/02/20 17:39
TaN
51448
surefire
[[English]]
[Adjective]
surefire (comparative more surefire, superlative most surefire)
1.Alternative form of sure-fire
0
0
2024/02/20 17:41
TaN
51449
artifact
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɑːtɪfækt/[Etymology]
Alteration of artefact, from Italian artefatto, from Latin arte (“by skill”) (ablative of ars (“art”)) + factum (“thing made”) (from facio (“to make, do”)).
[Further reading]
- “artifact”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “artifact”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “artifact”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- artifact in Britannica Dictionary
[Noun]
artifact (plural artifacts)
1.An object made or shaped by human hand or labor.
2.2010 May, Young Sik Kang, Heeseok Lee, “Understanding the role of an IT artifact in online service continuance: An extended perspective of user satisfaction.(Report)”, in Computers in Human Behavior, →DOI:
Given increasing investment in an IT (information technology) artifact (i.e., online service website), it is becoming important to retain existing customers.
3.An object made or shaped by some agent or intelligence, not necessarily of direct human origin.
4.Something viewed as a product of human agency or conception rather than an inherent element.
5.2004, Philip Weiss, American Taboo: A Murder In The Peace Corps:
The very act of looking at a naked model was an artifact of male supremacy.
6.2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 6:
Overall the signage at NIE has the appearance being a top-down artefact driven by institutional policy with English set as the default language.
7.A finding or structure in an experiment or investigation that is not a true feature of the object under observation, but is a result of external action, the test arrangement, or an experimental error.
The spot on his lung turned out to be an artifact of the X-ray process.
8.(archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation.
The dig produced many Roman artifacts.
9.2017, Tim Carvell [et al.], “North Korea”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 4, episode 21, John Oliver (actor), Warner Bros. Television, via HBO:
Holy shit! It is fascinating when a country’s culture seeps even into their math lessons, although it’s not really surprising. As a British child, our math questions were “if Johnny has two artifacts and Dinesh has two artifacts, then how many artifacts is Johnny about to have?” The answer, of course, “all the artifacts, Dinesh’s family can come visit them in a British museum whenever they’re in town.”
10.(biology) An appearance or structure in protoplasm due to death, the method of preparation of specimens, or the use of reagents, and not present during life.
11.(computing) A perceptible distortion that appears in an audio or video file or a digital image as a result of applying a lossy compression or other inexact processing algorithm.
This JPEG image has been so highly compressed that it has unsightly artifacts, making it unsuitable for the cover of our magazine.
12.2023 February 9, Ted Chiang, “ChatGPT Is a Blurry JPEG of the Web”, in The New Yorker[1]:
These hallucinations are compression artifacts, but—like the incorrect labels generated by the Xerox photocopier—they are plausible enough that identifying them requires comparing them against the originals, which in this case means either the Web or our own knowledge of the world.
13.(software engineering) Ellipsis of build artifact.
14.(museology) Any object in the collection of a museum. May be used sensu stricto only for human-made objects, or may include ones that are not human-made.
Coordinate terms: object, specimen
0
0
2013/03/15 21:22
2024/02/20 17:47
51450
left
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈlɛft/[Anagrams]
- FELT, Felt, TEFL, felt, flet
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English left, luft, leoft, lift, lyft, from Old English left, lyft (“weak, clumsy, foolish”), attested in Old English lyftādl (“palsy, paralysis”), from Proto-Germanic *luft-, from *lubjaną (“to castrate, lop off”) (compare dialectal English lib, West Frisian lobje, Dutch lubben), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lewp-, *(s)lup- (“hanging limply”). Compare Scots left (“left”), North Frisian lefts, leeft, leefts (“left”), West Frisian lofts (“left”), dialectal Dutch loof (“weak, worthless”), Low German lucht (“left”).
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English left, variant of laft (“remaining, left”), from Old English lǣfd, ġelǣfd, past participle of lǣfan (“to leave”). More at leave.
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English levit, ilevet, y-levyd, from Old English ġelȳfd, ġelȳfed, past participle of Old English ġelȳfan, lȳfan (“to allow, permit”), equivalent to leave (“to give leave to, allow, grant, permit”) + -ed.
[References]
- The Concise Dictionary of English Etymology, Walter W. Skeat.
[[Yola]]
[Adjective]
left
1.left
2.1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 11:
In durk Ich red virst mee left-vooted shoe."
In the dark I happened first on my left-footed shoe."
[Etymology]
From Middle English left, from Old English lyft.
[References]
- Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 129
0
0
2009/10/13 14:06
2024/02/20 17:47
TaN
51451
left behind
[[English]]
[Verb]
left behind
1.simple past and past participle of leave behind
0
0
2023/03/14 09:04
2024/02/20 17:47
TaN
51452
leave behind
[[English]]
[References]
- “leave behind”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[Verb]
leave behind (third-person singular simple present leaves behind, present participle leaving behind, simple past and past participle left behind)
1.(transitive, idiomatic) To abandon.
We left behind our luggage at the hotel.
How could you leave me behind like that?
2.2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Collector Base:
Dr. Chakwas: Shepard? You... you came for us.
Shepard: No one gets left behind.
3.2023 August 23, Malcolm Holmes tells Paul Stephen, “A mission to develop GCR's legacy”, in RAIL, number 990, page 38:
That's because, having left behind his senior position on the national network at the West Midlands Rail Executive in mid-March […] , the energetic but mild-mannered Holmes has brought a distinctly forward-looking agenda to the Leicestershire heritage operation he now leads.
4.(transitive, idiomatic) To forget about.
We (accidentally) left behind our bags at the airport.
5.(transitive, idiomatic) To not live longer than; to be survived by.
Mrs Johnston died at thirty, and left behind three young daughters.
6.(transitive, idiomatic) To leave (a trace of something).
The wound I got in my car accident left behind a massive scar.
Unfortunately, this cleaning product leaves behind a noticeable residue.
7.(transitive, idiomatic) To outdo; to progress faster than (someone or something else).
This product leaves behind all its competitors in the market.
8.(transitive) To pass.
As soon as we made our way onto the highway, we left the skyscrapers behind us.
9.Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see leave, behind.
0
0
2024/02/20 17:47
TaN
51453
ground
[[English]]
ipa :/ɡɹaʊnd/[Anagrams]
- dog run
[Descendants]
- → Tok Pisin: graun.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English grounde, from Old English grund, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz. Cognate with West Frisian grûn, Dutch grond and German Grund.
[Etymology 2]
Inflected form of grind. See also milled.
[References]
- “ground”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/ɡruːnd/[Alternative forms]
- grund, grounde
[Etymology]
From Old English grund, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.
[Noun]
ground
1.ground
2.Earth
0
0
2009/03/08 09:39
2024/02/20 17:53
51454
ground truth
[[English]]
[Noun]
ground truth (countable and uncountable, plural ground truths)
1.Information acquired by direct observation rather than by inference.
[Verb]
ground truth (third-person singular simple present ground truths, present participle ground truthing, simple past and past participle ground truthed)
1.To gather information by direct observation rather than inference.
0
0
2024/02/20 17:53
TaN
51455
grind
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɡɹaɪnd/[Anagrams]
- D-ring, dring
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.Cognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).
[Etymology 2]
From Faroese grind (“pilot-whale meat”).
[[Albanian]]
[Etymology]
Either a nasal variant of grij or gërdhij, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (compare English grind, Lithuanian gréndžiu (“to scrape, scratch”). Same sense development as with grih.
[Verb]
grind (aorist grinda, participle grindur)
1.to brawl, to fight, to wrangle over
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/ɣrɪnt/[Anagrams]
- dring
[Etymology 1]
From Middle Dutch grint, grinde, from Old Dutch *grinda, from Proto-Germanic *grindō (“sand, pebbles”).
[Etymology 2]
Germanic, perhaps from the above root as a crusty rash.
[[Faroese]]
[Etymology 1]
From Old Norse grind (“gate”).
[Etymology 2]
The term is a Faroese invention. A school of pilot whales reminds of a framework (see grind above) in the sea, by swimming very close to each other. More likely the word is related to the English word ground and refers to the whales frequently running aground or easily driven onto ground. Another theory suggests it refers to grinding, scraping or rubbing, in as mating behaviour.On the etymology of Faroese Grind “school of pilot whales” The Faroese term was loaned in many other languages; compare German Grindwal, Danish grindehval or Dutch griend.
[[Icelandic]]
ipa :/krɪnt/[Anagrams]
- girnd
[Etymology 1]
From Old Norse grind.
[Etymology 2]
From Faroese grind.
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
[Etymology]
From Old Norse grind.
[Noun]
grind f or m (definite singular grinda or grinden, indefinite plural grinder, definite plural grindene)
1.A hinged gate across a road or path where it is intersected by a fence.
2.A framework
3.A grille
[References]
- “grind” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “grind” in The Ordnett Dictionary
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/ɡrɪnd/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Old Norse grind.
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from English grind
[References]
- “grind” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old Norse]]
[Etymology]
From Proto-Germanic *grindiz.
[Noun]
grind f (genitive grindar, plural grindr)
1.a gate made of spars or bars
2.haven, dock
3.storehouses
[References]
- “grind”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
[[Swedish]]
[Anagrams]
- ringd
[Etymology]
From Old Swedish grind, from Old Norse grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-.
[Noun]
grind c
1.A gate; door-like structure outside a building
2.(computing) A gate, logical pathway
0
0
2009/03/08 09:39
2024/02/20 17:53
51456
Grind
[[German]]
ipa :/ɡʁɪnt/[Etymology]
From Middle High German grint, from Old High German grint, from Proto-West Germanic *grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindą (“grounds, ground material”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).Cognate with West Frisian grint (“gravel”), Dutch grind (“gravel; shingle”), obsolete Dutch grinden (“to grind, rub, crush”). More at English grind. The sense for head developed metonymically as a clipping of Kopfgrind.
[Further reading]
- “Grind” in Duden online
- “Grind” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
[Noun]
Grind m (strong, genitive Grindes or Grinds, plural Grinde)
1.(regional) scab (on a wound)
Synonyms: Schorf, Wundschorf, Kruste, Wundkruste
2.(regional) various kinds of scab-like skin disesases or conditions, such as scabies, scurf, dandruff
Synonym: Schorf
3.(Switzerland, informal) head
4.(hunting) animal head
[[Hunsrik]]
[Noun]
Grind
1.plural of Grund
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
From grind (“sandbank”), perhaps of Germanic origin. Compare Dutch grind (“sand, gravel”).
[Proper noun]
Grind m
1.A village in Lăpugiu de Jos, Hunedoara, Romania
0
0
2021/06/19 08:37
2024/02/20 17:53
TaN
51457
fully
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈfʊli/[Etymology 1]
From Middle English fully, fulliche, volliche, from Old English fullīċe (“fully”), equivalent to full + -ly. Compare German völlig (“fully”), Swedish fullt (“fully”).
[Etymology 2]
A reference to the phrase "the prisoner was fully committed for trial".
[References]
- “fully”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “fully”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- “fully, adv.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- Jonathon Green (2024), “fully v.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/ˈful(l)liː/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Old English fullīċe; equivalent to ful (“full”) + -ly (adverbial suffix).
0
0
2021/06/11 11:29
2024/02/20 17:54
TaN
51459
single
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈsɪŋɡl̩/[Adjective]
single (not comparable)
1.Not accompanied by anything else; one in number.
Synonyms: lone, sole
Can you give me a single reason not to leave right now?
The vase contained a single long-stemmed rose.
2.2013 July-August, Fenella Saunders, “Tiny Lenses See the Big Picture”, in American Scientist:
The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail. It’s therefore not surprising that most cameras mimic this arrangement.
3.Not divided in parts.
Synonyms: unbroken, undivided, uniform
The potatoes left the spoon and landed in a single big lump on the plate.
4.Designed for the use of only one.
a single room
5.Performed by one person, or one on each side.
a single combat
6.1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:
These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant, […] / Who now defies thee thrice to single fight.
7.Not married, and (in modern times) not dating or without a significant other.
Synonyms: unmarried, unpartnered, available
Forms often ask if a person is single, married, divorced, or widowed. In this context, a person who is dating someone but who has never married puts "single".
Josh put down that he was a single male on the dating website.
8.c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
To undergo such maiden pilgrimage.
But earthlier happy is the rose distilled
Than that which, withering on the virgin thorn,
Grows, lives, and dies in single blessedness.
9.1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
Single chose to live, and shunned to wed.
10.(botany) Having only one rank or row of petals.
11.(obsolete) Simple and honest; sincere, without deceit.
12.1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Luke xj:
Therefore, when thyne eye is single: then is all thy boddy full off light. Butt if thyne eye be evyll: then shall all thy body be full of darknes?
13.1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:
I speak it with a single heart.
14.Uncompounded; pure; unmixed.
15.1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published 1726, →OCLC:
simple ideas are opposed to complex , and single ideas to compound.
16.1867, William Greenough Thayer Shedd, Homiletics, and Pastoral Theology, page 166:
The most that is required is, that the passage of Scripture, selected as the foundation of the sacred oration, should, like the oration itself, be single, full, and unsuperfluous in its character.
17.(obsolete) Simple; foolish; weak; silly.
18.1616–1618, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, Nathan Field, “The Queene of Corinth”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene i:
He utters such single matter in so infantly a voice.
[Anagrams]
- Nigels, glinse, ingles
[Etymology]
From Middle English single, sengle, from Old French sengle, saingle, sangle, from Latin singulus, a diminutive derived from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one”). Akin to Latin simplex (“simple”). See simple, and compare singular.
[Noun]
single (plural singles)
1.(music) A 45 RPM vinyl record with one song on side A and one on side B.
Antonym: album
2.(music) A popular song released and sold (on any format) nominally on its own though usually having at least one extra track.
The Offspring released four singles from their most recent album.
3.One who is not married or does not have a romantic partner.
Antonym: married
He went to the party, hoping to meet some friendly singles there.
4.(cricket) A score of one run.
5.(baseball) A hit in baseball where the batter advances to first base.
6.(dominoes) A tile that has a different value (i.e. number of pips) at each end.
7.(US, informal) A bill valued at $1.
I don't have any singles, so you'll have to make change.
8.1966, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 5, in The Crying of Lot 49, New York: Bantam Books, published 1976, →ISBN, page 94:
She looked in her purse, found a ten and a single, gave him the ten. ‘I'll spend it on booze,’ he said.
9.(UK) A one-way ticket.
10.1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:
‘I want to know, Mr Stone, if, in the course of the day, you have issued any tickets to a person dressed in Arab costume?’
His reply was prompt.
‘I have — by the last train, the 7.25, — three singles.’
11.(Canadian football) A score of one point, awarded when a kicked ball is dead within the non-kicking team's end zone or has exited that end zone.
Synonym: (official name in the rules) rouge
12.(tennis, chiefly in the plural) A game with one player on each side, as in tennis.
13.One of the reeled filaments of silk, twisted without doubling to give them firmness.
14.(UK, Scotland, dialect) A handful of gleaned grain.
15.(computing, programming) A floating-point number having half the precision of a double-precision value.
Coordinate term: double
16.2011, Rubin H. Landau, A First Course in Scientific Computing, page 214:
If you want to be a scientist or an engineer, learn to say “no” to singles and floats.
17.(film) A shot of only one character.
18.1990, Jon Boorstin, The Hollywood Eye: What Makes Movies Work, page 94:
But if the same scene is shot in singles (or “over-the-shoulder” shots where one of the actors is only a lumpy shoulder in the foreground), the editor and the director can almost redirect the scene on film.
19.A single cigarette.
20.(rail transport, obsolete) Synonym of single-driver.
21.1945 March and April, “Preserving Historic Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 64:
A few such examples have been preserved, as is well known, such as one of the Stirling 8-ft. singles of the late Great Northern Railway, the Great Western 4-4-0 City of Truro, ex-Caledonian single-driver No. 123, the Brighton 0-4-2 Gladstone, and others.
[References]
- “single”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “single”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
[Verb]
single (third-person singular simple present singles, present participle singling, simple past and past participle singled)
1.(baseball) To get a hit that advances the batter exactly one base.
Pedro singled in the bottom of the eighth inning, which, if converted to a run, would put the team back into contention.
2.(agriculture) To thin out.
3.1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 7, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:
Paul went joyfully, and spent the afternoon helping to hoe or to single turnips with his friend.
4.1916, Transactions of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland, page 241:
The seeds did not germinate in many parts of a row until rains in end of June and thunderplumps in first week of July brought them up later in patches, so that no second sowing was necessary, but singling was done by stages.
5.(of a horse) To take the irregular gait called singlefoot.
6.1860, William S. Clark, Massachusetts Agricultural College Annual Report:
Many very fleet horses, when overdriven, adopt a disagreeable gait, which seems to be a cross between a pace and a trot, in which the two legs of one side are raised almost but not quite, simultaneously. Such horses are said to single, or to be single-footed.
7.(intransitive, archaic) To sequester; to withdraw; to retire.
8.1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):
an agent singling itself from consorts
9.(intransitive, archaic) To take alone, or one by one; to single out.
10.1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):
men […] commendable when they are singled
11.(transitive) To reduce (a railway) to single track.
12.1959 June, “Talking of Trains: North Eastern report”, in Trains Illustrated, page 293:
In the east of Yorkshire, Mr. A. M. Ross reports the belief of local railwaymen that the N.E.R. plans to single the York-Beverley line, leaving an adequate provision of passing loops, and to operate it by C.T.C. from York; […]
13.1962 October, “Talking of Trains: New signalbox at Twyford”, in Modern Railways, page 226:
The Henley branch, recently singled and fully track-circuited, is worked by acceptance lever between Twyford and Shiplake cabins.
14.2020 November 18, Paul Bigland, “New infrastructure and new rolling stock”, in RAIL, number 918, page 48:
Sadly, it's not the quickest route as much of it has been singled, but it still boasts some attractive stations as well as an active Community Rail Partnership, one of the first in the country.
[[Alemannic German]]
[Adjective]
single (indeclinable)
1.single (not in a relationship)
Antonym: vergee
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English single.
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈsiŋ.ɡəl][Etymology]
Borrowed from English single.
[Further reading]
- “single” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “single”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “single” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
[Noun]
single m (plural singles)
1.(music) single
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/ˈsɪŋ.əl/[Adjective]
single (not comparable)
1.single (without a romantic partner)
[Etymology]
Borrowed from English single.
[Noun]
single m (plural singles, diminutive singletje n)
1.A single (short music record, e.g. 45 RPM vinyl with an A side and a B side; main track of such a record).
2.A single (person without a romantic partner).
[[Finnish]]
ipa :/ˈsiŋle/[Etymology]
Borrowed from English single.
[Further reading]
- “single”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
[Noun]
single
1.single (45 rpm record; track nominally released on its own)
[[French]]
[Further reading]
- “single”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Noun]
single m (plural singles)
1.single room
2.(music) single
[[Italian]]
ipa :/ˈsin.ɡol/[Adjective]
single (invariable)
1.single (unmarried, not in a relationship)
Synonym: (formal) celibe
[Etymology]
Borrowed from English single.
[Noun]
single m or f by sense (invariable)
1.single, loner (person who lives alone and has no emotional ties)
[References]
1. ^ single in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
[[Kapampangan]]
ipa :/sɪŋˈle/[Alternative forms]
- singlai, singlay (obsolete)
[Etymology]
From sangle.
[Noun]
singlé
1.fried rice
[Verb]
singlé
1.complete aspect of isangle
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
[Alternative forms]
- singel
[Etymology 1]
Borrowed from English single and singles.
[Etymology 2]
From singel.
[References]
- “single” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “single” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
[Alternative forms]
- singel
[Etymology]
Borrowed from English single and singles.
[Noun]
single m (definite singular singlen, indefinite plural singlar, definite plural singlane)
1.(music) a single (record or CD)
2.(sports) singles (e.g. in tennis)
[References]
- “single” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[Synonyms]
- singelplate (record)
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈsĩ.ɡow/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English single.
[Noun]
single m (plural singles)
1.(music) single (song released on its own or with an extra track)
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English single. Doublet of singur.
[Noun]
single n (plural single-uri)
1.single (album)
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/ˈsinɡle/[Etymology 1]
Unadapted borrowing from English single. Doublet of sendos.
[Further reading]
- “single”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
[[Turkish]]
ipa :/siŋɡɫ̩/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English single.
[Noun]
single (definite accusative singleı, plural singlelar)
1.(music) single
0
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2009/04/03 16:02
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51460
every
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɛv.(ə.)ɹi/[Alternative forms]
- ev'ry, ev’ry (poetic)
- euery (obsolete)
- e'ry (colloquial)
[Anagrams]
- veery, verye, y'ever
[Antonyms]
- no
- none
[Determiner]
every
1.All of a countable group (considered individually), without exception.
Every person in the room stood and cheered.
2.1892, Walter Besant, chapter III, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:
At half-past nine on this Saturday evening, the parlour of the Salutation Inn, High Holborn, contained most of its customary visitors. […] In former days every tavern of repute kept such a room for its own select circle, a club, or society, of habitués, who met every evening, for a pipe and a cheerful glass.
3.1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.
4.2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:
Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.
5.Denotes equal spacing at a stated interval, or a proportion corresponding to such a spacing.
We stopped for refreshments every ten miles.
The alarm is going off every few minutes.
Every third bead was red, and the rest were blue. The sequence was thus red, blue, blue, red, blue, blue etc.
Decimation originally meant the execution of every tenth soldier in a unit; that is, ten per cent of soldiers were killed.
6.(with certain nouns) Denotes an abundance of something.
We wish you every happiness in the future.
I have every confidence in him.
There is every reason why we should not go.
The police will make every effort to trace the missing girl.
[Etymology]
Inherited from Middle English every, everich, eaver-euch, averiche, aver alche, ever ælche, from Old English ǣfre ǣlċ, ǣfre ǣġhwelċ (“each and every”), equivalent to ever + each and/or ever + which.
[See also]
- all
- each
- Thesaurus:quantifier
[Synonyms]
- each
[[Middle English]]
[Adjective]
every
1.Alternative form of everich
2.1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:
Whan that Auerill wt his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour […]
When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]
0
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51461
hype
[[English]]
ipa :/haɪp/[Etymology 1]
Clipping of hyperbole.
[Further reading]
- hype (marketing) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Jonathon Green (2024), “hype n.1”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang
- Jonathon Green (2024), “hype n.2”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang
- Jonathon Green (2024), “hype v.1”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang
- Jonathon Green (2024), “hype adj.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang
[[Finnish]]
ipa :/ˈhype/[Etymology]
From English hype.
[Further reading]
- “hype”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
[Noun]
hype
1.(colloquial or jargon) hype
[[Old English]]
ipa :/ˈxy.pe/[Etymology]
From Proto-West Germanic *hupi.
[Noun]
hype m
1.hip
[[Polish]]
ipa :/xajp/[Alternative forms]
- hajp (adapted)
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English hype.
[Further reading]
- hype in Polish dictionaries at PWN
[Noun]
hype m inan
1.(slang, marketing) hype [+ na (accusative) = for what] [+ wokół (genitive) = around/surrounding what]
Coordinate term: moda
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈʁajp/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English hype.
[Noun]
hype m or f (plural hypes)
1.(colloquial) hype (exaggerated excitement or enthusiasm around something)
0
0
2010/02/09 10:37
2024/02/20 18:05
TaN
51462
option
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɒpʃən/[Anagrams]
- potion
[Etymology]
From French option, from Latin optiō (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“I choose, select”). Equivalent to opt + -ion.
[Further reading]
- “option”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “option”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[Noun]
option (plural options)
1.One of a set of choices that can be made. [from 19th c.]
2.2011 October 23, Becky Ashton, “QPR 1 - 0 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport[1]:
Luiz struggled with the movement of Helguson in the box, as he collected a long ball and the Spaniard barged him over, leaving referee Chris Foy little option but to point to the spot.
3.2012 January, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation”, in American Scientist[2], volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 8 January 2012, page 74:
Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.
4.The freedom or right to choose.
5.(finance, law) A contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile. [from mid-18th c.]
6.(law, uncountable) The acquiring or retention of a nationality through personal choice as a right, bypassing selective legal mechanisms for naturalization, especially in cases where a territory is transferred or passed on from one state to another.
7.1928, Appeal to the Noble English Nation by the Committee of the Defenders of the Rights of Palestinian Arab Emigrants to the Palestinian Citizenship, page 10:
At that time every emigrant who was made aware of such a notification submitted his application for option to the British Consuls within the period prescribed.
8.1998, Venice Commission, Consequences of State Succession for Nationality, →ISBN, page 45:
A right of option, mostly in favour of the nationality of the predecessor State, has been accorded in most cases of partial State succession, either by treaty or by domestic legislation.
9.2012, Oliver W. Vonk, Dual Nationality in the European Union: A Study on Changing Norms […], →ISBN, page 243, note 154:
This group constitutes around 9 percent of the total number of acquisitions of Dutch nationality through option.
[Synonyms]
- alternative
- choice
- possibility
- See also Thesaurus:option
[Verb]
option (third-person singular simple present options, present participle optioning, simple past and past participle optioned)
1.To purchase an option on something. [from 20th c.]
The new novel was optioned by the film studio, but they'll probably never decide to make a movie from it.
2.(computing, dated) To configure, by setting an option.
3.1991, Martin D. Seyer, RS-232 made easy:
The device that is to echo the characters should be optioned for echoplexing.
[[Finnish]]
[Anagrams]
- opinto, opinto-
[Noun]
option
1.genitive singular of optio
[[French]]
ipa :/ɔp.sjɔ̃/[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin optiōnem (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“to choose, select”).
[Further reading]
- “option”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Noun]
option f (plural options)
1.option
0
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2009/02/03 14:39
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51463
crop
[[English]]
ipa :/kɹɒp/[Anagrams]
- COPR, CPOR, Copr., Corp, Corp., RCPO, corp, corp., proc
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English crop, croppe, from Old English crop, cropp, croppa (“the head or top of a plant, a sprout or herb, a bunch or cluster of flowers, an ear of corn, the craw of a bird, a kidney”), from Proto-West Germanic *kropp, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“body, trunk, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to warp, bend, crawl”). CognatesCognate with Dutch krop (“crop”), German Low German Kropp (“a swelling on the neck, the craw, maw”), German Kropf (“the craw, ear of grain, head of lettuce or cabbage”), Swedish kropp (“body, trunk”), Icelandic kroppur (“a hunch on the body”). Related to crap, doublet of group and croup.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English croppen (“to cut, pluck and eat”), from Old English *croppian. Cognate with Scots crap (“to crop”), Dutch kroppen (“to cram, digest”), Low German kröppen (“to cut, crop, stuff the craw”), German kröpfen (“to crop”), Icelandic kroppa (“to cut, crop, pick”). Literally, to take off the crop (top, head, ear) of a plant. See Etymology 1.
[Further reading]
- “crop”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “crop”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- crop (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- crop (implement) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- cropping (image) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[References]
1. ^ Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Crop”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volume I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC.
0
0
2010/09/29 16:34
2024/02/20 18:07
51464
executive
[[English]]
ipa :/ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/[Adjective]
executive (comparative more executive, superlative most executive)
1.Designed or fitted for execution, or carrying into effect.
2.Of, pertaining to, or having responsibility for the day-to-day running of an organisation, business, country, etc.
executive act
an executive officer
executive government
3.Exclusive.
an executive bathroom
[Alternative forms]
- exe., exec., execu.
[Derived terms]
- account executive
- chief executive
- chief executive officer, CEO
- compact executive car
- corporate executive
- executive agreement
- executive ball clicker
- executive box
- executive branch
- executive class
- executive committee
- executive contour
- executive decision
- executive director
- executive ego function
- executive fallout
- executive function
- executively
- executive mansion
- executive officer
- executive order
- executive privilege
- executive produce
- executive-produce
- executive producer
- executive summary
- executive toy
- non-executive, nonexecutive
[Etymology]
From Middle French executif, from Latin executivus.
[Noun]
executive (plural executives)
1.A chief officer or administrator, especially one who can make significant decisions on their own authority.
2.The branch of government that is responsible for enforcing laws and judicial decisions, and for the day-to-day administration of the state.
3.(computing) A process that coordinates and governs the action of other processes or threads; supervisor.
4.1973, ACM Special Interest Group in Operating Systems, Fourth Symposium on Operating System Principles
The second phase of the executive development proceeded through two steps as stated in Section 2. First, a failsoft executive was developed providing automatic failure detection and recovery […]
0
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2009/06/01 13:26
2024/02/20 18:07
TaN
51465
executive order
[[English]]
[Noun]
executive order (plural executive orders)
1.(law, chiefly US) An ordinance issued on the authority of the head of the executive branch of government.
[References]
- “executive order”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- “executive order”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- "order" at Law.com Dictionary
[See also]
- order-in-council
- presidential memoranda
0
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TaN
51468
oversee
[[English]]
ipa :/əʊvə(ɹ)siː/[Anagrams]
- see over
[Etymology]
From Middle English overseen, ouverseen, from Old English ofersēon (“to observe, oversee; to overlook, neglect”), equivalent to over- + see.
[See also]
- overlook
- overwatch
[Verb]
oversee (third-person singular simple present oversees, present participle overseeing, simple past oversaw, past participle overseen) (transitive)
1.(literally) To survey, look at something in a wide angle.
2.(figuratively) To supervise, guide, review or direct the actions of a person or group.
Synonym: superintend
It is congress's duty to oversee the spending of federal funds.
3.2022 February 9, Tom Allett, “The BTP's eyes and ears in the air”, in RAIL, number 950, page 50:
Based at BTP's London headquarters, Russell's team of three full-timers in the drone unit are responsible for overseeing the safety of drones in support of police officers.
4.To inspect, examine
Gamekeepers oversee a hunting ground to see to the wildlife's welfare and look for poachers.
5.(obsolete) To fail to see; to overlook, ignore.
6.1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
Thereat the Elfe did blush in priuitee, / And turnd his face away; but she the same / Dissembled faire, and faynd to ouersee.
7.To observe secretly or unintentionally.
0
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2012/05/30 21:49
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51469
have
[[English]]
ipa :/hæv/[Anagrams]
- evah
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English haven, from Old English habban (“to have”), from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have”), durative of *habjaną (“to lift, take up”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyéti, present tense of *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, catch”). Related to heave.Since there is no common Indo-European root for a transitive possessive verb have (notice that Latin habeō is not etymologically related to English have), Proto-Indo-European probably lacked the have structure. Instead, the third person forms of be were used, with the possessor in dative case, compare Latin mihi est / sunt, literally to me is / are.[2]cognatesCognate with Saterland Frisian hääbe (“to have”), West Frisian hawwe (“to have”), Dutch hebben (“to have”), Afrikaans hê (“to have”), Low German hebben, hewwen (“to have”), German haben (“to have”), Danish have (“to have”), Swedish hava (“to have”), Norwegian Nynorsk ha (“to have”), Icelandic hafa (“to have”), Albanian kap (“I grab, catch, grip”),[3][4] Latin capiō (“take”, verb), Russian хапать (xapatʹ, “to seize”).
[Etymology 2]
From have on (“to deceive”).
[[Danish]]
ipa :/ˈhaːvə/[Etymology 1]
From Old Norse hagi, from Proto-Germanic *hagô, cognate with Norwegian hage, Swedish hage, English haw, German Hag, Dutch haag.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Norse hafa (“to have, wear, carry”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have, hold”), cognate with English have, German haben. The Germanic words are from Proto-Indo-European *kap- and are not related to Latin habeō.
[Etymology 3]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[[Dutch]]
[Etymology]
From Middle Dutch have, derived from the verb hebben (“to have”).
[Noun]
have f (plural haven)
1.property, possession
[[Latin]]
ipa :/ˈha.u̯e/[Interjection]
have
1.Alternative spelling of ave (“hail!”)
[[Middle English]]
[Verb]
have
1.Alternative form of haven (“to have”)
[[Norman]]
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Old Norse háfr (“net”), from Proto-Germanic *hēb-, *hēf-, an ablaut form of *hafjaną (“to have; take; catch”). Related to English dialectal haaf (“a pock-net”).
[Noun]
have f (plural haves)
1.(Jersey) shrimp net
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
[Alternative forms]
- hava (a and split infinitives)
- ha
[Etymology]
From Old Norse hafa, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have”), durative of Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to lift, take up”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, catch”).
[Verb]
have (present tense hev, past tense havde, past participle havt, passive infinitive havast, present participle havande, imperative hav)
1.(pre-2012) alternative form of ha
[[Swedish]]
[Etymology]
Likely unadapted borrowing from Danish have.
[Noun]
have c
1.(obsolete Halland dialect) Synonym of hage (“pasture”)
[[Tarantino]]
[Verb]
have
1.third-person singular present indicative of avere
[[Yola]]
[References]
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 102
[Verb]
have
1.Alternative form of ha
2.1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:
A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)
The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)
3.1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:
Neen chickès have hea ee-left vatherless.
Nine chickens has he left fatherless.
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2009/01/10 03:45
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51470
behind
[[English]]
ipa :/bɪˈhaɪnd/[Adjective]
behind (comparative more behind or (rare or nonstandard) behinder, superlative most behind or (rare or nonstandard) behindest)
1.Not advanced to the required or expected degree; overdue or in arrears.
I'm very behind in my schedule.
My employer is two paychecks behind on paying my salary.
2.(of a watch or clock) Slow.
My watch is behind by four minutes.
[Adverb]
behind (comparative more behind or (rare or nonstandard) behinder, superlative most behind or (rare or nonstandard) behindest)
1.At or in the rear or back part of something.
The water flows out through the pipe, and the sediment collects behind.
2.In a rearward direction.
We ran and ran, without once looking behind.
3.So as to come after someone or something in position, distance, advancement, ranking, time, etc.
The slower runners were left a long way behind.
In the cricket match, England finished a long way behind.
The worst thing about autumn is that winter follows behind.
4.1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
I shall not lag behind.
5.So as to be still in place after someone or something has departed or ceased to exist.
I couldn't be bothered to carry the ironing board, so I left it behind.
He stayed behind after the war.
He left behind a legacy of death and sorrow.
The island was inundated by the sea, leaving not a trace behind.
6.1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve,
And, like this insubstantial pageant faded, / Leave not a rack behind.
7.Backward in time or order of succession; past.
8.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Philippians 3:13:
[…] forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before
9.Behind the scenes in a theatre; backstage.
10.1890, Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray, Vintage, published 2007, page 68:
‘After the performance was over I went behind, and spoke to her.’
11.(archaic) Not yet brought forward, produced, or exhibited to view; out of sight; remaining.
12.1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], chapter 4, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC, book I, page 16:
We cannot be sure that there is no evidence behind.
[Alternative forms]
- ahind (dialect)
- behine (archaic, AAVE)
[Etymology]
From Middle English behinde, behinden, from Old English behindan (“on the back side of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bihindan, *bihindini (“on the back side of, in the rear of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bi- + *hindō (“the hind side, back part”), equivalent to be- + hind. Compare Old Saxon bihindan (“behind”, adverb), Middle High German behinter (“behind; back”).
[Noun]
behind (plural behinds)
1.The rear, back-end.
This part fits under the behind of the vehicle.
She sneaked up on me from behind.
2.(informal) The buttocks, bottom, butt.
I was stung on the behind by a wasp.
3.2010, Mary Roach, “One Furry Step for Mankind: The Strange Careers of Ham and Enos”, in Packing for Mars: The Curious Science of Life in the Void, W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, page 158:
"So the catheter didn't have anything to do with keeping him from touching himself?" I don't usually go in for euphemisms, but Fineg is a man who says "behind", as in "I have a picture where he bit me in the behind." The catheter, it turns out, was in the chimp's femoral artery (to monitor blood pressure), not his urethra.
4.2011 December 12, Alyssa Newcomb, “Sit, Stay, Aim, Fire. Dog Shoots Another Hunter”, in ABC News[2], archived from the original on 25 October 2021:
"The dog got excited, was jumping around inside the boat and then it jumped on the gun. It went off, shooting the [decoy setter] in the buttocks," Box Elder County Sheriff's Chief Deputy Kevin Potter told the Salt Lake Tribune. Twenty-seven rounds of birdshot were removed from the man's behind after the accident.
5.(Australian rules football) A one-point score.
6.1880, “The Opening Ball”, in G. Lehmann, editor, Comic Australian Verse, 1975, quoted in G. A. Wilkes, A Dictionary of Australian Colloquialisms, second edition, Sydney University Press, published 1985, →ISBN:
A roar from ten thousand throats go up,
For we've kicked another behind.
7.(baseball, slang, 1800s) The catcher.
8.In the Eton College field game, any of a group of players consisting of two "shorts" (who try to kick the ball over the bully) and a "long" (who defends the goal).
[Preposition]
behind
1.At or to the back or far side of.
The children were hiding behind the wall.
The sun went behind the clouds.
Look behind you!
2.1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection.
[…] The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […], and a 'bead' could be drawn upon Molly, the dairymaid, kissing the fogger behind the hedge, little dreaming that the deadly tube was levelled at them.
3.2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:
Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
Synonyms: (US) in back of, to the rear of, (Chester) a-back
Antonym: in front of
1.(figuratively) Concealed by (something serving as a facade or disguise).
Behind the smile was a cruel intention.
2.(figuratively) In the past, from the viewpoint of.
All my problems are behind me.Less forward or advanced than; after.
Antonym: ahead of
1.After in physical progress or distance.
Smith finished the race a lap behind the others.
2.1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island:
About the center, and a good way behind the rest, Silver and I followed — I tethered by my rope […].
3.After in developmental progress, score, grade, etc.; inferior to.
I'm ranked sixth in the French class, behind five other pupils.
In the cricket match, England are 120 runs behind India.
4.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 11:5:
For I suppose I was not a whit behind the very chiefest apostles.
5.After in time.
London is nine hours behind Tokyo.Responsible for, being the creator or controller of.
Who is behind these terrorist attacks?
Mr Jones was the man behind the redevelopment plan.
- 2023, Ian Miller, OutKick[1]:
Bud Light replaces Marketing VP behind Dylan Mulvaney partnership.Underlying, being the reason for or explanation of.
What is behind this unexpected decision?In support of.
The republicans are fully behind their candidate.(sometimes regarded as nonstandard, US, informal) Following, subsequent to; as a result or consequence of.
- 2012, DeShawn Dorsey, Longsuffering Through Emotional Wounds, page 40:
He was like, 'Fuck the police! Fuck you! You know who I am, you gonna quit playing with me, bitch.' I'm like let's go. 'Cause I wasn't trying to go to jail behind that shit.
[References]
- “behind”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “behind”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
[Related terms]
- hind
- hiney
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right
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɹaɪt/[Alternative forms]
- ryght (obsolete)
- reight (Yorkshire, eye dialect)
- rite (informal)
[Anagrams]
- girth, grith
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English right, from Old English riht (“right,” also the word for “straight” and “direct”), from Proto-Germanic *rehtaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtós (“having moved in a straight line”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”). An Indo-European past participle, it became a Germanic adjective which has been used also as a noun since the common Germanic period. Cognate with West Frisian rjocht, Dutch recht, German recht and Recht, Swedish rätt and rät, Danish ret, Norwegian Bokmål rett, Norwegian Nynorsk rett, and Icelandic rétt. The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek ὀρεκτός (orektós) and Latin rēctus; Albanian drejt was borrowed from Latin.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English right, righte, from Old English rihte, rehte (“right; rightly; due; directly; straight”), from Proto-Germanic *rehta, from *rehtaz (“right; straight”).
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English right, righte, reght, reghte, riȝt, riȝte, from Old English riht, reht, ġeriht (“that which is right, just, or proper; a right; due; law; canon; rule; direction; justice; equity; standard”), from Proto-West Germanic *reht, from Proto-Germanic *rehtą (“a right”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵt- (“to straighten; direct”). Cognate with Dutch recht (“a right; privilege”), German Recht (“a right”), Danish ret (“a right”).
[Etymology 4]
From Middle English righten, reghten, riȝten, from Old English rihtan, ġerihtan (“to straighten, judge, set upright, set right”), from Proto-West Germanic *rihtijan, from Proto-Germanic *rihtijaną (“to straighten; rectify; judge”).
[Further reading]
- “right”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “right”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/rixt/[Adjective]
right (plural and weak singular righte, comparative rightre, superlative rightest)
1.Straight; not crooked or bent.
2.On the or at the right (as opposed to left)
3.Morally or legally correct or justified.
4.Real, genuine, authentic, true.
5.Natural, undisturbed.
[Alternative forms]
- reȝt, riȝte, riȝt, ryȝt, ryght, righte, riht
[Etymology]
From Old English riht.
[Noun]
right (plural rightes)
1.A good deed; a right action.
2.A just or equitable action.
3.A law, ruling, judgement or rule.
4.A right, entitlement or privilege.
5.Truth, correctness.
6.right (direction; as opposed to the left)
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/ˈrait/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English right fielder.
[Noun]
right m (plural rights)
1.(baseball) right fielder
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