52185
insurgent
[[English]]
ipa :/ɪnˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/[Adjective]
insurgent (not comparable)
1.Rebellious, opposing authority.
2.1856, John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic:
The insurgent provinces.
3.Of water: surging or rushing in.
4.1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 33:
Vesuvio groans through all his echoing caves, / And Etna thunders o'er the insurgent waves.
[Anagrams]
- retunings, unresting
[Etymology]
From Latin īnsurgentem, accusative singular of īnsurgēns, present active participle of īnsurgō (“I rise up against, revolt”), from in (“against”) + surgō (“I rise”), itself from sub (“up from below”) + regō (“I guide, direct, rule, govern, administer”), from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“to move in a straight line, to rule, guide, lead straight, put right”).
[Noun]
insurgent (plural insurgents)
1.One of several people who take up arms against the local state authority; a participant in insurgency.
[[Catalan]]
ipa :-ent[Adjective]
insurgent m or f (masculine and feminine plural insurgents)
1.insurgent
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin īnsurgentem.
[Further reading]
- “insurgent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “insurgent”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “insurgent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “insurgent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
[Noun]
insurgent m (plural insurgents)
1.insurgent
[[French]]
[Verb]
insurgent
1.third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of insurger
[[Latin]]
[Verb]
īnsurgent
1.third-person plural future active indicative of īnsurgō
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin insurgens or German Insurgent.
[Noun]
insurgent m (plural insurgenți)
1.insurgent
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52186
runaway
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɹʌnəweɪ/[Adjective]
runaway (comparative more runaway, superlative most runaway)
1.Having run away; escaped; fugitive.
a runaway thief
1.(of a horse or other animal) Having escaped from the control of the rider or driver.
a runaway donkey
2.Pertaining to or accomplished by running away or eloping.
a runaway marriageEasily won, as a contest.
a runaway victory at the pollsAccelerating out of control.
a runaway train
a runaway greenhouse effectUnchecked; rampant.
runaway prices(informal) Deserting or revolting against one's group, duties, expected conduct, or the like, especially to establish or join a rival group, change one's life drastically, etc.
The runaway delegates nominated their own candidate.
[Alternative forms]
- run-away
[Derived terms]
- Fisherian runaway
- Robin runaway
- runaway bride
- run-awayer
- runaway selection
- runaway shop
- runaway star
- runaway truck ramp
- zeal without knowledge is a runaway horse
[Etymology]
Deverbal from run away.
[Noun]
runaway (plural runaways)
1.A person or animal that runs away or has run away; a person, animal, or organization that escapes captivity or restrictions.
Runaways are vulnerable to criminal exploitation.
2.c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
Thou runaway, thou coward, art thou fled?
3.1556, Ralph Robinson, Utopia: originally printed in Latin, 1516, translation of original by Sir Thomas More, page 96:
If any man of his owne heade and without leaue, walke out of his precint and boundes, taken without the princes letters, he is broughte againe for a fugitiue or a runaway with great shame and rebuke, and is sharpely punished.
4.A vehicle (especially, a train) that is out of control.
5.1850, “The Romance of the Electric Telegraph”, in New monthly magazine, volume 41:
On New Year's Day, 1850, a catastrophe, which it is fearful to contemplate, was averted by the aid of the telegraph. A collision had occurred to an empty train at Gravesend; and the driver having leaped from his engine, the latter started alone at full speed to London. Notice was immediately given by telegraph to London and other stations; and while the line was kept clear, an engine and other arrangements were prepared as a buttress to receive the runaway.
6.1886, John H. Cooper, “Handling Grain in California”, in Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, volume 7:
Runaways are rendered impossible, as the machine can be instantly stopped by means of a double brake connected with the driver's seat
7.1897, Editor American Machinist, “Runaway Engines and Governors”, in American machinist:
We hear many ideas advanced as to the cause of engines running away, more especially in electric stations, while the wonder is that the runaways are so few.
8.1950 January, David L. Smith, “A Runaway at Beattock”, in Railway Magazine, page 54:
Just south of Wamphray Station, they overtook the runaway. The dim figure of Mitchell could be seen sitting huddled behind the stormboard. They shouted and whistled. He paid no attention.
9.1962 April, “Motive power miscellany: Western Region”, in Modern Railways, page 280:
The former Midland main lines out of Bristol were blocked for more than 18hr after a freight train runaway soon after midnight on February 7. "Jubilee" No. 45615 on the 4.20 p.m. Burton-Bristol freight, which conveyed a quantity of beer, lost control of its train on the 1 in 67 Fishponds incline and ran into the rear of empty stock [...].
10.(usually attributive) An object or process that is out of control or out of equilibrium.
11.1989, Gerald Appel, Winning market systems:
On the chart, the start of a runaway is marked by a box
12.1993 June 15, CIO, volume 6, number 14, page 26:
An IS executive's worst nightmare, such runaways are a fact of life. Practically all large companies and organizations have experienced a runaway or are wrestling with a seriously botched project.
13.2000, F. Matteucci with Franco Giovannelli, The evolution of the Milky Way, page 142:
The standard X-ray binary Cyg Xl, with a massive BH candidate, is a runaway, This could suggest that a SN explosion occurred. Cluster ejection to make a runaway can not be excluded although in the case of Cyg Xl, the progenitor runaway must have been a binary
14.2008, Francis Stoessel, Thermal safety of chemical processes, page 257:
Where practicable, this passive measure reduces the consequences of a runaway.
15.The act of running away, especially of a horse or teams.
16.2012, John H. White, Jr., Wet Britches and Muddy Boots, page 171:
The drivers were generally boys […] They would stop the team when other boats passed and at locks while waiting for the water to rise or fall. They could also be useful in preventing or stopping runaways. Horses were easily startled and might bolt off the tow path or into the canal itself.
17.An overwhelming victory.
The home side won in a runaway.
[References]
- Dictionary.com
[Related terms]
- run away
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52187
skittish
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈskɪtɪʃ/[Adjective]
skittish (comparative more skittish, superlative most skittish)
1.Easily scared or startled; timid.
The dog likes people he knows, but he is skittish around strangers.
2.1557, Roger Edgeworth, Sermons Very Fruitfull, Godly, and Learned, London: Robert Caly, The fiftenth treatice or Sermon,[1]
All such be like a skittish starting horse, whiche coming ouer a bridge, wil start for a shadowe, or for a stone lying by him, and leapeth ouer on the other side into the water, & drowneth both horse and man.
3.Wanton; changeable; fickle.
4.c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
How some men creep in skittish fortune’s hall,
Whiles others play the idiots in her eyes!
5.1785, William Cowper, “Book II. The Time-piece.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 69:
[…] ’Tis pitiful
To court a grin, when you should wooe a soul;
To break a jest, when pity would inspire
Pathetic exhortation; and t’ address
The skittish fancy with facetious tales,
When sent with God’s commission to the heart.
6.Difficult to manage; tricky.
7.1871–1872, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter 15, in Middlemarch […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book (please specify |book=I to VIII):
For everybody’s family doctor was remarkably clever, and was understood to have immeasurable skill in the management and training of the most skittish or vicious diseases.
[Etymology]
Probably from skite (“to move lightly and hurriedly; to move suddenly, particularly in an oblique direction (Scotland, Northern England)”) + -ish; compare skitter.
[See also]
- startle
[Synonyms]
- (easily scared or startled): spookish, jumpy, skittery, skitterish, squirrelly
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52188
dining
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈdaɪnɪŋ(ɡ)/[Anagrams]
- indign, niding
[Noun]
dining (countable and uncountable, plural dinings)
1.Eating dinner as a social function.
2.1869, The XIX Century, volume 1, page 6:
For my own part I preferred to remain with the ship, and I am now glad that I did so, for the welcome we received at Havana; the cheering crowds upon the quay; the friends we met and made; the dinings in and dinings out […]
3.Entertaining someone to dinner.
[Verb]
dining
1.present participle and gerund of dine
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52189
fast-food
[[English]]
[Adjective]
fast-food (not comparable)
1.Of, pertaining to, or serving fast food.
[[French]]
[Noun]
fast-food m (plural fast-foods)
1.fast food
2.a fast food restaurant
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˌfɛs.t͡ʃiˈfu.d͡ʒi/[Noun]
fast-food m or f (plural fast-foods)
1.Alternative spelling of fast food
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English fast-food.
[Noun]
fast-food n (plural fast-fooduri)
1.fast-food
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2023/10/16 09:07
2024/04/01 21:03
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52190
fast food
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈfæst ˈfuːd/[Alternative forms]
- fast-food, fastfood
[Noun]
fast food (usually uncountable, plural fast foods)
1.Food that is served quickly, often standardized and pre-prepared.
2.A type of food that is quickly made, but of low nutritional value; junk food.
3.1980, Arthur Asa Berger, Television As An instrument of Terror, page 189:
In the course of the last decade, it has become the dominant “fast-food” franchise in America—and it is now spreading abroad, carrying its gospel of machine technology wedded to cheap hamburgers wherever it can find a mouth-hold, and converting anyone it can to the glories of junk food
4.1986, “JUNK. OR. GEMS?”, in 1000s of free things: or almost free, page 131:
Everyone loves some junk food some of the time. That's why there are more than 140,000 fast food restaurants in the U.S.
5.1999, Carol Silverman Saunders, Safe at School: Awareness and Action for Parents of Kids Grades K-12:
In high schools with open campuses, students leave at lunchtime to buy fast food elsewhere. Since leaving school is unsafe, schools are opting to serve less nutritious foods so the students stay on campus. For example, many schools have invited junk food franchises into their cafeterias, including Subway, Taco Bell, and Domino's.
6.2012 June 6, Dawn C. Chmielewski, “Disney bans junk-food advertising on programs for children”, in Los Angeles Times:
Disney even chose to stop licensing its film characters for McDonald’s Happy Meals, citing the link between fast food and childhood obesity.
7.2019 January 15, Lauren Tousignant, “Junk food ads overwhelmingly target black, Hispanic kids”, in New York Post:
Junk food companies spent billions of advertising dollars in 2017 targeting black and Hispanic kids, a new study has revealed. / Television ads for fast food, sugary drinks and fatty or salty snacks are almost exclusively targeted to minority youth, the report, supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, found.
8.Anything standardized, quickly available, and inexpensive, often, of low value.
9.2002 March 29, “Going Offshore”, in Time:
The best evidence is that Sandals, the fast-food king of island weddings, now markets the term weddingmoons.
10.2007, Margo Candela, Life over easy:
Guys are good for two things: 1) help when you need to move something heavy, and 2) fast-food sex where you always know what's on the menu and, with a little work, you can supersize it
11.2008 August 19, Carmen K. Sisson, “A Georgia church tries drive-in worship”, in Christian Science Monitor, page 25:
Outside, the drive-in crowd is heading back into the Sturm und Drang of city traffic and a fast-food world
[Synonyms]
- (type of meal served quickly): short order
- (quick meal of low nutritional value): junk food
[[Polish]]
ipa :/fast fut/[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English fast food.
[Further reading]
- fast food in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- fast food in Polish dictionaries at PWN
[Noun]
fast food m inan
1.snack bar
Synonym: bar szybkiej obsługi
2.fast food (type of meal that is often pre-prepared and served quickly)
[[Portuguese]]
[Alternative forms]
- fast-food
[Etymology]
Unadapted borrowing from English fast food.
[Noun]
fast food m or f (plural fast foods)
1.fast food (type of meal that is often pre-prepared and served quickly)
Synonym: comida-rápida
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TaN
52191
fastfood
[[English]]
[Noun]
fastfood (uncountable)
1.Alternative form of fast food
2.1996, Kathlyn Gay, Martin K. Gay, Encyclopedia of North American Eating & Drinking Traditions, Customs & Rituals, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 32:
Today, though, millions of American workers and students have their breakfast “on the run,” choosing morning sandwich meals from the nearest fastfood establishment, eating a breakfast sandwich such as the Egg McMuffin or Breakfast Burrito from MacDonald’s, a Croissan’wich from Burger King, or a bagel sandwich from a deli. If fastfood is not an option, a frozen muffin or biscuit sandwich heated in the microwave, a Waffle ’Wich made from sliced turkey and cream cheese between frozen waffles, or even pizza toast made with tomato sauce and mozzarella cheese are other types of breakfast sandwiches that have become popular in recent years.
3.2000, William G. Nickels, James M. McHugh, Susan M. McHugh, Paul D. Berman, “Ethical Behaviour, the Environment, and Social Responsibility”, in Understanding Canadian Business, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Ryerson, →ISBN, part 1 (Business Trends: Cultivating a Business in Diverse Global Environments), chapter section “The Impact of Environmental Issues on Business”, pages 150–151:
Any company that puffs smoke through a stack on the roof—and that includes restaurants, fastfood or otherwise—may already be breaking regulations without knowing it. […] Furthermore, containers and other packaging are being made biodegradable. Many fastfood restaurants have followed this trend.
4.2002, Ted Nugent, Shemane Nugent, “I Kill It, I Grill It”, in Kill It & Grill It: A Guide to Preparing and Cooking Wild Game and Fish, Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, Inc., →ISBN, page 2:
And we sure as hell wouldn’t waste good hunger or any one of our much anticipated family mealtimes on fastfood or junkfood. At the Nugent tribal dinnertable we think of fastfood as a mallard or quail, garlic’d and buttered to perfection.
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52192
roam
[[English]]
ipa :/ɹəʊm/[Anagrams]
- Amor, Mora, Omar, Oram, Roma, amor, moar, mora, roma
[Etymology]
From Middle English romen, from Old English rāmian, from Proto-Germanic *raimōną (“to wander”), from *raim- (“to move, raise”), from *h₃reyH- (“to move, lift, flow”). Akin to Old English ārǣman (“to arise, stand up, lift up”), Old High German rāmēn (“to aim”)[1] ( > archaic German rahmen (“to strive”)), Middle Dutch rammen (“to night-wander, to copulate”), rammelen (“to wander about, ramble”). More at ramble.
[Noun]
roam (plural roams)
1.The act of roaming; a wander; a travel without aim or destination
2.2017, Rick Maloy, Evenings and Mournings:
Glass in hand, he set off on a roam of the first floor.
[References]
1. ^ “roam”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
[Synonyms]
- (wander freely): err, shrithe, wander
[Verb]
roam (third-person singular simple present roams, present participle roaming, simple past and past participle roamed)
1.(intransitive) To wander or travel freely and with no specific destination.
2.1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XVII, page 28:
Henceforth, wherever thou may’st roam,
My blessing, like a line of light,
Is on the waters day and night,
And like a beacon guards thee home.
3.1986, Marc Jordan, John Capek, “Rhythm of My Heart”, in Vagabond Heart[1], performed by Rod Stewart, published 1991:
Oh, never will I roam / Now I know my place is home / Where the ocean meets the sky / I'll be sailin'
4.2013 November 26, Daniel Taylor, “Jack Wilshere scores twice to ease Arsenal to victory over Marseille”, in The Guardian[2], archived from the original on 22 December 2021:
Wilshere had started as a left-footed right-winger, coming in off the flank, but he and Özil both had the licence to roam. Tomas Rosicky was not tied down to one spot either and, with Ramsey breaking forward as well as Olivier Giroud's considerable presence, Marseille were overwhelmed from the moment Bacary Sagna's first touch of the night sent Wilshere running clear.
5.(transitive) To range or wander over.
Gangs of thugs roamed the streets.
6.1671, John Milton, “The First Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:
And now wild beasts came forth the woods to roam.
7.2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:
According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them.
8.(intransitive, computing, telecommunications) To use a network or service from different locations or devices.
9.(transitive, computing, telecommunications) To transmit (resources) between different locations or devices, to allow comparable usage from any of them.
10.2013, Scott Isaacs, Kyle Burns, Beginning Windows Store Application Development:
At first, it seemed counterintuitive to me to roam settings between computers, but my problem at the time was that every example I was considering was a setting that only made sense for a single computer.
[[Galician]]
[Verb]
roam
1.(reintegrationist norm) inflection of roer:
1.third-person plural present subjunctive
2.third-person plural imperative
[[Portuguese]]
[Verb]
roam
1.inflection of roer:
1.third-person plural present subjunctive
2.third-person plural imperative
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2018/09/07 09:30
2024/04/01 23:00
TaN
52193
utility
[[English]]
ipa :/juːˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/[Adjective]
utility
1.Having to do with, or owned by, a service provider.
utility line; utility bill
2.(Of a building or its components) containing or intended for any of a building’s often-utility-related commodity transport, such as pipes or wires, or converting equipment, such as furnaces, water tanks or heaters, circuit breakers, central air conditioning units, laundry facilities, etc.
utility room; utility corridor
3.Functional rather than attractive.
4.1943 March and April, “G.W.R. Rolling Stock Colours”, in Railway Magazine, page 106:
"Chocolate and cream," the standard colours of G.W.R. rolling stock for 21 years, are now being replaced by an all-over utility coating of reddish-brown. This is the third time that a uniform brown has been adopted as the standard livery of G.W.R. carriages.
[Antonyms]
- disutility
- inutility
[Etymology]
From Middle English utilite, from Old French utilite, utilitet (“usefulness”), from Latin ūtilitās, from uti (“to use”). By surface analysis, utile + -ity.
[Noun]
utility (countable and uncountable, plural utilities)
1.The state or condition of being useful; usefulness.
2.1817 (date written), [Jane Austen], “III”, in Persuasion; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volumes (please specify |volume=III or IV), London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC:
"The profession has its utility, but I should be sorry to see any friend of mine belonging to it."
3.Something that is useful.
4.1945 November and December, H. C. Casserley, “Random Reflections on British Locomotive Types—1”, in Railway Magazine, page 320:
Undoubtedly it can be said that the humble 0-6-0 has been the backbone for general service, or general utility on British railways right from their earliest days, and is likely to remain so.
5.(economics) The ability of a commodity to satisfy needs or wants; the satisfaction experienced by the consumer of that commodity.
6.(philosophy) Well-being, satisfaction, pleasure, or happiness.
7.(business) A commodity or service provided on a continuous basis by a physical infrastructure network, such as electricity, water supply or sewerage.
Synonym: service
8.(business, finance, by extension) A natural or legal monopoly distributer of such a utility; or, the securities of such a provider.
9.(computing) A software program designed to perform a single task or a small range of tasks, often to help manage and tune computer hardware, an operating system or application software.
I've bought a new disk utility that can recover deleted files.
10.1982, InfoWorld, volume 4, number 10, page 35:
The system includes an 8080 and a Z80 assembler, a Tektronix format downloader and other utilities.
11.(sports) The ability to play multiple positions.
[References]
- “utility”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
[Synonyms]
- (state of being useful): usefulness, value, advantages, benefit, return, merits, virtue, note
- See also Thesaurus:utility
[[Spanish]]
[Noun]
utility m (plural utilitys)
1.(sports) utility
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52194
speak
[[English]]
ipa :/spiːk/[Alternative forms]
- speake (obsolete)
[Anagrams]
- Akpes, Paeks, Pasek, Peaks, Spake, kapes, peaks, spake
[Antonyms]
- be silent
[Etymology]
From Middle English speken (“to speak”), from Old English specan (“to speak”). This is usually taken to be an irregular alteration of earlier sprecan (“to speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *sprekan, from Proto-Germanic *sprekaną (“to speak, make a sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *spreg- (“to make a sound, utter, speak”). Finding this proposed loss of r from the stable cluster spr unparalleled, Hill instead sets up a different root, Proto-West Germanic *spekan (“to negotiate”) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰégʾ-e- (“to distribute”) with *s-mobile, which collapsed in meaning with *sprekan ("to speak" < "to crackle, prattle") and so came to be seen as a free variant thereof.Cognates:Cognate with West Frisian sprekke, Low German spreken (“to speak”), Dutch spreken (“to speak”), German sprechen (“to speak”), and also with Albanian shpreh (“to utter, voice, express”) through Indo-European.
[Noun]
speak (countable and uncountable, plural speaks)
1.(uncountable) language, jargon, or terminology used uniquely in a particular environment or group.
corporate speak; IT speak
2.(countable) Speech, conversation. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
3.(countable, informal) Short for speaker point.
We will deduct speaks for hesitation.speak (plural speaks)
1.(dated) a low class bar, a speakeasy.
[References]
- Hill, Eugen. "Die Präferenztheorie in der historischen Phonologie aus junggrammatischer Perspektive." Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 28.2 (2009): 231–263.
[Synonyms]
- articulate, talk, verbalize
[Verb]
speak (third-person singular simple present speaks, present participle speaking, simple past spoke or (archaic) spake, past participle spoken or (colloquial, nonstandard) spoke)
1.(intransitive) To communicate with one's voice, to say words out loud.
2.1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 203:
And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them.
I was so surprised I couldn't speak.
You're speaking too fast.
3.(intransitive, reciprocal) To have a conversation.
It's been ages since we've spoken.
4.(by extension) To communicate or converse by some means other than orally, such as writing or facial expressions.
He spoke of it in his diary.
Speak to me only with your eyes.
Actions speak louder than words.
5.1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 4:
Then said the gods, making the signs of the gods and speaking with Their hands lest the silence of Pegāna should blush; then said the gods to one another, speaking with Their hands: “Let Us make worlds to amuse Ourselves while Māna rests. Let Us make worlds and Life and Death, and colours in the sky; only let Us not break the silence upon Pegāna.”
6.1941, Theodore Roethke, “Open House”, in Open House; republished in The Collected Poems of Theodore Roethke, 1975, →ISBN, page 3:
The deed will speak the truth
In language strict and pure.
I stop the lying mouth:
Rage warps my clearest cry
To witless agony.
7.(intransitive) To deliver a message to a group; to deliver a speech.
This evening I shall speak on the topic of correct English usage.
8.(transitive, stative) To be able to communicate in a language.
He speaks Mandarin fluently.
1.(by extension) To be able to communicate in the manner of specialists in a field.
2.1998, Nigel G Fielding, Raymond M Lee, Computer Analysis and Qualitative Research[1], page 4:
Even those who did 'speak computer' did so sometimes in a less than fluent way which required a jump to be made from a press-the-right-button stage to having the confidence to experiment.(transitive) To utter.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 9:5:
And they will deceive every one his neighbour, and will not speak the truth: they have taught their tongue to speak lies, and weary themselves to commit iniquity.
I was so surprised that I couldn't speak a word.(transitive) To communicate (some fact or feeling); to bespeak, to indicate.
- 1785, Frances Burney, Diary and letters of Madame d'Arblay, author of Evelina, Cecilia, &c., link:
Their behaviour to each other speaks the most cordial confidence and happiness.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “A Bosom Friend.”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 56:
There he sat, his very indifference speaking a nature in which there lurked no civilized hypocrisies and bland deceits.(informal, transitive, sometimes humorous) To understand (as though it were a language).
Sorry, I don't speak idiot.
So you can program in C. But do you speak C++?(intransitive) To produce a sound; to sound.
- c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene vi], page 150:
Make all our trumpets speak.Of a bird, to be able to vocally reproduce words or phrases from a human language.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 220:
Miles tremblingly confessed that it had, but to no purpose; a parrot being able to speak better in three weeks than a brazen head.(transitive, archaic) To address; to accost; to speak to.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ecclesiasticus 13:6:
[He will] thee in hope; he will speak thee fair.
- 1847, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Threnody”, in Poems, Boston, Mass.: James Munroe and Company, →OCLC, page 239:
Each village senior paused to scan / And speak the lovely caravan.
- 1854 August 9, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “Economy”, in Walden; or, Life in the Woods, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC:
To oversee all the details yourself in person; to be at once pilot and captain, and owner and underwriter; to buy and sell and keep the accounts; to read every letter received, and write or read every letter sent; to superintend the discharge of imports night and day; to be upon many parts of the coast almost at the same time—often the richest freight will be discharged upon a Jersey shore;—to be your own telegraph, unweariedly sweeping the horizon, speaking all passing vessels bound coastwise; [...]
- 2013, George Francis Dow, Slave Ships and Slaving (quoting an older text)
Spoke the ship Union of Newport, without any anchor. The next day ran down to Acra, where the windlass was again capsized and the pawls broken.
[[Scots]]
ipa :[spɪk][Etymology]
From Old English sprecan.
[Verb]
speak (third-person singular simple present speaks, present participle speakin, simple past spak, past participle spoken)
1.to speak
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strain
[[English]]
ipa :/stɹeɪn/[Anagrams]
- Sartin, Tarins, Trains, atrins, instar, santir, sartin, starin', tairns, tarins, trains
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English streen, strene, streon, istreon (“race, stock, generation”), from Old English strēon, ġestrēon (“gain, wealth”), from Proto-Germanic *streuną (“heap, treasure, profit, gain”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread, strew”) (cognate with Old Saxon gistriuni, Old High German gistriuni (“gain, property, wealth, business”), Latin strues (“heap”)). Confused in Middle English with the related noun strend, strynd, strund, from Old English strȳnd (“race; stock”), from strēonan, strȳnan (“to beget; acquire”). Related also to Dutch struinen (“to prowl, root about, rout”).
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English straynen, streinen, streynen, from Old French estreindre (whence French étreindre (“to grip”)), from Latin stringō (“to draw tight together, to tie”).
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English strenen (“to beget, father, procreate”), from Old English strēonan, strīenan, strȳnan (“to beget, generate, gain, acquire”), from Proto-Germanic *striunijaną (“to furnish, decorate, acquire”).
0
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stymie
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈstaɪmi/[Alternative forms]
- stimie, stimy, stymy
[Etymology]
From the meaning in golf (where the stymie ball blocks the other ball from "seeing" the hole), perhaps from Scots stymie, stimie (“person with poor eyesight”), from Scots stime (“the least bit”).[1][2] Or from Scots styme (“tiny bit, glimmer”) as in se nocht ane styme (“not to see a glimmer (of something)”).[3][4] If so, it is a doublet of stime.
[Further reading]
- stymie on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[Noun]
stymie (plural stymies)
1.(golf) A situation where an opponent's ball is directly in the way of one's own ball and the hole, on the putting green (abolished 1952).
2.(by extension) An obstacle or obstruction.
3.1922, P. G. Wodehouse, The Clicking of Cuthbert[1]:
Mary, will you be mine? Shall we go round together? Will you fix up a match with me on the links of life which shall end only when the Grim Reaper lays us both a stymie?
[References]
1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “stymie”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
2. ^ “stymie”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
3. ^ stymie in the Word Detective
4. ^ “stymie”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
[Verb]
stymie (third-person singular simple present stymies, present participle stymieing or stymying, simple past and past participle stymied)
1.To thwart or stump; to cause to fail or to leave hopelessly puzzled, confused, or stuck.
Synonyms: block, thwart
They had lost the key, and the lock stymied the first three locksmiths they called.
If writing dates has you stymied at times, it is probably for one of two reasons. [2]
2.2005, Tony Judt, “The Rehabilitation of Europe”, in Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945, London: Vintage Books, published 2010, →ISBN:
It constrained governments, businesses and labour unions to collaborate in planning increased rates of output and the conditions likely to facilitate them. And above all, it blocked any return to the temptations that had so stymied the inter-war economy: under-production, mutually destructive protectionism, and a collapse of trade.
3.2007 January 21, Joyce Cohen, “Beauty in the Eye of the Renter”, in New York Times[3]:
I was making such a drama in my head it was stymieing me.
4.2018 July 1, John Rennie, “This Mutation Math Shows How Life Keeps on Evolving”, in Wired[4]:
In populations that have “burst” and “path” structures, for example, individuals can never occupy positions in the graph that their ancestors held. Those structures stymie evolution by denying advantageous mutations any chance to take over a population.
5.2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 60:
For all his faults and grandstanding, however, Prescott genuinely cared - and his ambitious plans for tram schemes and railway extensions were stymied by lack of support from Downing Street.
6.(golf) To bring into the position of, or impede by, a stymie.
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parts
[[English]]
ipa :/pɑːts/[Anagrams]
- S trap, TRAPS, prats, rapts, sprat, strap, tarps, traps
[Noun]
parts
1.plural of partparts pl (plural only)
1.Intellectual ability or learning.
He was a man of great parts but little virtue.
2.(usually with “these”, colloquial) Vicinity, region.
3.1854, Lord Cockburn, Memoir of Thomas Thomson, Scotland Bannatyne Club, page 241:
We intend being at Leamington before long, unless some change in the weather should make our stay in these parts more tolerable.
4.(euphemistic) The genitals, short for private parts.
[Verb]
parts
1.third-person singular simple present indicative of part
[[Catalan]]
ipa :/ˈpars/[[Chinese]]
ipa :/pʰaːt̚⁵ siː³⁵/[Alternative forms]
- part屎, part士
[Etymology]
From English parts. Compare Japanese パーツ (pātsu).
[Noun]
parts
1.(Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly engineering) part; component
[References]
- English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
[See also]
- part
[[French]]
[Noun]
parts f
1.plural of part
[[Icelandic]]
[Noun]
parts
1.indefinite genitive singular of partur
[[Swedish]]
[Anagrams]
- spart
[Noun]
parts
1.indefinite genitive singular of part
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52198
insatiable
[[English]]
ipa :/ɪnˈseɪʃ(j)əbəl/[Adjective]
insatiable (comparative more insatiable, superlative most insatiable)
1.Not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased; very greedy.
2.1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “ch. 4, Abbot Hugo”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book II (The Ancient Monk):
Hugo, in a fine frenzy, threatens to depose the Sacristan, to do this and do that; but, in the mean while, how to quiet your insatiable Jew? Hugo, for this couple of hundreds, grants the Jew his bond for four hundred payable at the end of four years. (...) Neither yet is this insatiable Jew satisfied or settled with: he had papers against us of 'small debts fourteen years old;' his modest claim amounts finally to 'Twelve hundred pounds besides interest'
3.1885, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, […] The Mikado; or, The Town of Titipu, London: Chappel & Co., […], →OCLC:
Such an appointment would realize my fondest dreams. But no, at any sacrifice, I must set bounds to my insatiable ambition!
at Google Books
[Anagrams]
- banalities
[Etymology]
Inherited from Middle English insaciable, from Middle French insatiable, from Old French insaciable, from Late Latin insatiabilis. by surface analysis, in- + satiable.
[Further reading]
- “insatiable”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “insatiable”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[Noun]
insatiable (plural insatiables)
1.One who or that which cannot be satiated.
[[French]]
ipa :/ɛ̃.sa.sjabl/[Adjective]
insatiable (plural insatiables)
1.insatiable
[Etymology]
Inherited from Middle French insatiable, from Old French insaciable, from Latin īnsatiābilis. by surface analysis, in- + satiable.
[Further reading]
- “insatiable”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[[Middle French]]
[Adjective]
insatiable m or f (plural insatiables)
1.insatiable
[Etymology]
Inherited from Old French insaciable, from Latin insatiābilis. by surface analysis, in- + satiable.
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It
[[English]]
[Noun]
It (uncountable)
1.A biological force that inhabits living beings, according to the vitalist approach of Georg Groddeck.
2.1995, Franz Alexander, Samuel Eisenstein, Martin Grotjahn, Psychoanalytic Pioneers, Transaction Publishers, →ISBN, page 319:
Georg Groddeck believed in man's innate urge to symbolize. […] kind of defenses that interfere with the free creation of the It. But it would be wrong to call Groddeck an artist (which he was) as opposed to a clinical observer […]
3.1999, Stefan Herbrechter, Lawrence Durrell, Postmodernism and the Ethics of Alterity, Rodopi, →ISBN, page 83:
[…] between the Tao and Georg Groddeck's "It", in Durrell's view, compare for example Lawrence Durrell, "Studies in Genius: IV — Georg Groddeck," Horizon 17.102 (1948) : 392. And what of the It? Groddeck does not claim that […]
4.2002, Sharon Klayman Farber, When the Body Is the Target: Self-Harm, Pain, and Traumatic Attachments, Jason Aronson, Incorporated, →ISBN:
I wanted to better understand the concept of the It in Georg Groddeck's Book of the It (1923). Groddeck never clearly defined the It, but it was virtually synonymous with the forces of the id. In fact Freud (1923) derived the word Id from It.
5.The Id, in Freudian psychology.
6.2014, Jon Mills, Underworlds: Philosophies of the Unconscious from Psychoanalysis to Metaphysics, Routledge, →ISBN, page 63:
I believe that Freud was mistaken when he made the It into an agency without accounting for how the unconscious portion of the I performs the executive functions of object choice for the drives and competing unconscious material […]
7.Alternative letter-case form of it (“desirable quality; quality of being successful, fashionable, in vogue”)
8.2005, SPIN, page 60:
After selling more than three million copies worldwide of their self- titled 2004 debut, and becoming the new It band, Franz Ferdinand lent songs to both commercials (including "Take Me Out" for Sony's PSP) and art-house porn ...
9.2007, Melissa Senate, Theodora Twist, Delacorte Press, →ISBN:
[…] when I remember I can't admit that Bo and Brandon are my boyfriends. One Bellini brother would be okay. Two, apparently, makes me a little too PG-13 for the tweenies. The Bellini Brothers are the new It boy band, ...
10.2008, Hadley Freeman, The Meaning of Sunglasses: And a Guide to Almost All Things Fashionable, Penguin, →ISBN, page 169:
People will often tell you that you shouldn't buy this season's It bag, dress, or whatever a celebrity has recently been photographed wearing because (a) you will be deemed to be a fashion victim, (b) everyone else will have it ...
11.2010, Martha H. Swain, Elizabeth Anne Payne, Marjorie Julian Spruill, Mississippi Women: Their Histories, Their Lives, University of Georgia Press, →ISBN, page 228:
This may seem an odd choice for the former It Girl (and the mother of the new It Boy), but […]
12.2011, Ellen Willis, Out of the Vinyl Deeps: Ellen Willis on Rock Music, U of Minnesota Press, →ISBN:
Since, as rock critic Georgia Christgau said at the 2008 EMP Pop Conference, “[Willis] cared less about rock than she did about movements,” covering the new It band was just not that important to her. As her daughter, I have received an ...
13.2017, Kelly Killoren, The Second Course: A Novel, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 235:
“He said I'll go from being this season's villain to being this season's It girl.”
[Proper noun]
It
1.Alternative form of It.: abbreviation of Italy.
2.Alternative form of It.: abbreviation of Italian. (language)
[[Low German]]
[Pronoun]
It
1.(Westphalian, regional) you (nominative plural)
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ahead
[[English]]
ipa :/əˈhɛd/[Adverb]
ahead (not comparable)
1.At or towards the front; in the direction one is facing or moving.
The island was directly ahead.
Just ahead you can see the cliffs.
Keep going straight ahead.
2.So as to be further advanced, either spatially or in an abstract sense.
He finished two laps ahead of me.
In all of his classes Jack was ahead.
3.In or for the future.
There may be tough times ahead.
You've got to think ahead so as not to be unprepared.
4.To a later time.
Set the clock ahead an hour.
Push the deadline ahead a day, from the 20th to the 21st.
5.1995, Charles Edward Weber, Stories of Virtue in Business, University Press of America, →ISBN, page 55:
Then the customer would set a rebidding deadline ahead a month - for example from September 1 to October 1 - and give everybody four weeks to submit […]
6.1998, United States House Committee on Agriculture, Subcommittee on Department Operations, Nutrition, and Foreign Agriculture, Implementation of the Food Quality Protection Act: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Nutrition, and Foreign Agriculture of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session, June 25, 1998, page 46:
When we saw that wasn't working in 1976, we moved the deadline ahead to 1978.
7.At an earlier time; beforehand; in advance.
He paid his rent ahead.
8.To an earlier time.
Push the deadline ahead a day, from the 21st to the 20th.
9.1985, Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report, volume 43, page 606:
[…] committees in Congress hae a March 15 deadline for reporting their "views and estimates" to the budget committees. The Senate Republican leadership, eager to get a jump on the annual budget process, moved the deadline ahead to March 1 for Senate committees.
10.2003, United States House Committee on Government Reform, Smooth Sailing Or an Impending Wreck?: The Impact of New Visa and Passport Requirements on Foreign Travel to the United States : Hearing Before the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, First Session, July 10, 2003, page 113:
[…] the Department is responding to the statutory requirement in the USA Patriot Act that moved the deadline ahead to 2003 from 2007.
[Anagrams]
- aahed
[Antonyms]
- (nautical) astern
- behind
[Etymology]
a- + head. Perhaps originally a nautical term, "beyond the head (of a ship)", then drifting into more general English usage where it is used to describe something as being "in front of".
[References]
- “ahead”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
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ahead of
[[English]]
[Preposition]
ahead of
1.In front of.
A hill loomed ahead of them.
2.1754, Henry Fielding, The Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon:
The island bore but little a-head of us.
3.Preceding.
He's giving a series of concerts in London ahead of his international tour.
4.In the future of.
You have a long trip ahead of you.
Peter has a lot of work ahead of him.
5.In advance of.
I arrived at the suite half an hour ahead of Jack.
6.Having made more progress than.
He is far ahead of his class in math.
7.2012 August 21, Ed Pilkington, “Death penalty on trial: should Reggie Clemons live or die?”, in The Guardian[1]:
The Reggie Clemons case has been a cause of legal dispute for the past two decades. Prosecutors alleged that he and his co-defendants brutally cut short the lives of Julie and Robin Kerry, sisters who had just started college and had their whole adult lives ahead of them.
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52203
ahea
[[Tahitian]]
[Pronoun]
ahea
1.when
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52204
thousands
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈθaʊzn̩dz/[Anagrams]
- thus and so
[Noun]
thousands
1.plural of thousand
[Synonyms]
- 1000s
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pit
[[English]]
ipa :/pɪt/[Anagrams]
- ITP, PTI, TIP, TPI, tip, tpi
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English pit, pet, püt, from Old English pytt, from Proto-West Germanic *puti, from Latin puteus (“trench, pit, well”), although there are phonetic difficulties.
[Etymology 2]
From Dutch pit (“kernel, core”), from Middle Dutch pitte, from Proto-Germanic *pittan (compare dialectal German Pfitze (“pimple”)), oblique of Proto-Germanic *piþō. Compare pith.
[Etymology 3]
Shortening.
[Further reading]
- pit on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[See also]
- pit-a-pat (probably etymologically unrelated)
[[Cahuilla]]
[Noun]
pít
1.road, path, way
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈpit][Etymology]
Inherited from Old Catalan pit (also pits), from Latin pectus, from Proto-Italic *pektos, from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”). Compare Occitan pièch, French pis, Spanish pecho.
[Noun]
pit m (plural pits)
1.breast
Synonym: mamella
2.(castells) force to support the castell, provided by the castellers in the pinya by pressing their chest onto the back of the casteller in front of them
[References]
- “pit” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pit” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
[[Czech]]
ipa :[ˈpɪt][Participle]
pit
1.masculine singular passive participle of pít
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/pɪt/[Anagrams]
- tip
[Etymology 1]
From Middle Dutch pitte, from Proto-Germanic *pittan (compare dialectal German Pfitze (“pimple”)), oblique of Proto-Germanic *piþō.
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from English pit.
[[Hokkien]]
[[Indonesian]]
ipa :/ˈpɪt/[Etymology 1]
Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦶꦠ꧀ (pit), from Dutch fiets.[1]
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Hokkien 筆／笔 (pit, “inkbrush”).
[Etymology 3]
Borrowed from English pit.
[Further reading]
- “pit” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
[References]
1. ^ Nicoline van der Sijs (2010) Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd [Dutch words worldwide][1], Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, →OCLC
[[Irish]]
[Etymology]
From Old Irish pit (“pit, hollow; female pudenda”), possibly related to putte (“pit, hollow”), Latin puteus.
[Further reading]
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “pit”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “pit, (put)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “vulva” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “pit” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
[Mutation]
[Noun]
pit f (genitive singular pite, nominative plural piteanna)
1.(anatomy) vulva
2.shell-less crab
[[Javanese]]
[Romanization]
pit
1.Romanization of ꦥꦶꦠ꧀
[[Lower Sorbian]]
ipa :/pʲit/[Verb]
pit
1.supine of piś
[[Polish]]
ipa :/pit/[Noun]
pit f
1.genitive plural of pita
[[Scots]]
ipa :/pɪt/[Verb]
pit (third-person singular simple present pits, present participle pittin, simple past pit, past participle pit)
1.to put
Synonym: putt
[[Scottish Gaelic]]
[Etymology]
From Old Irish pit (“pit, hollow; female pudenda”), possibly related to putte (“pit, hollow”), Latin puteus.
[Mutation]
[Noun]
pit f (genitive singular pite, plural pitean)
1.female external genitalia, vulva
2.(vulgar) cunt, pussy
[References]
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “pit”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “pit, (put)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[[Tocharian B]]
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Noun]
pit ?
1.gall, bile
[[West Flemish]]
[Etymology]
From Middle Dutch pit, variant of put, from Old Dutch *putti, from Proto-West Germanic *puti (“a well”).
[Noun]
pit m
1.pit
2.well
[[Yola]]
[References]
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 62
[Verb]
pit
1.Alternative form of pidh
2.1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:
Fan Cournug yate a rishp, an Treblere pit w'eeme.
When Cournug gave a stroke, and Treblere put with him.
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pit against
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- spatiating
[Verb]
pit against (third-person singular simple present pits against, present participle pitting against, simple past and past participle pitted against)
1.(transitive, idiomatic) To set in opposition to someone or something else.
Two of the greatest tennis players will be pitted against each other in next week's final.
2.2021 October 20, Philip Haigh, “Network News: Revised Manchester timetable due in December 2022”, in RAIL, number 942, page 27:
This prompted January's timetable consultation with options that, according to Chester [sic – meaning Cheshire] West and Chester Councillor Andrew Cooper last March, pitted councils against each other.
3.2023 December 9, Tripp Mickle, Cade Metz, Mike Isaac, Karen Weise, “Inside OpenAI’s Crisis Over the Future of Artificial Intelligence”, in The New York Times[1], →ISSN:
Some board members believed that Mr. Altman was trying to pit them against each other. Last month, they decided to act.
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pitting
[[English]]
[Noun]
pitting (countable and uncountable, plural pittings)
1.The formation of pits on a surface because of corrosion.
2.(archaeology) The digging of a pit.
Test pittings were carried out prior to the main excavation.
[Verb]
pitting
1.present participle and gerund of pit
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Pitt
[[English]]
ipa :/pɪt/[Anagrams]
- TTIP, tipt
[Proper noun]
Pitt (countable and uncountable, plural Pitts)
1.(countable) An English topographical surname for someone who lived by, or operated a pit or mine.
2.(informal) University of Pittsburgh
3.A hamlet in Hursley parish, City of Winchester district, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU4528).
[See also]
- Pitts
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Pit
[[Limburgish]]
[Alternative forms]
- Pië (Eupen)
[Proper noun]
Pit
1.a male given name
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52210
PIT
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- ITP, PTI, TIP, TPI, tip, tpi
[Noun]
PIT (countable and uncountable, plural PITs)
1.Initialism of personal income tax.
2.(computing) Initialism of programmable interval timer.
3.Initialism of precision immobilization technique.: a method for ending car chases by causing a controlled collision, forcing the pursued car into a spin.
4.Initialism of pursuit intervention technique.: the same method for ending car chases.
5.Initialism of parallel immobilization technique.: the same method for ending car chases.
[Proper noun]
PIT
1.Abbreviation of Pittsburgh.
[[Polish]]
ipa :/pit/[Etymology]
Orthographic borrowing from English PIT.
[Further reading]
- PIT in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- PIT in Polish dictionaries at PWN
[Noun]
PIT m inan (indeclinable)
1.PIT (personal income tax)
Synonym: podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych
2.PIT (form that is used to account for personal income tax)
0
0
2021/10/20 09:56
2024/04/02 09:39
TaN
52211
adversary
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈæd.və.sɛɹi/[Antonyms]
- hero, ally
[Etymology]
From Middle English adversarie, from Anglo-Norman aversaire (in Wace's Life of Saint Margaret) and Old French aversier, aversaire (French adversaire), from Latin adversārius, from adversus (“turned toward”).
[Noun]
adversary (plural adversaries)
1.An opponent or rival.
He prepared to fight his adversary.
[References]
1. ^ “Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary”, in (please provide the title of the work)[1], accessed 13 March 2022, archived from the original on 2009-04-25
[Synonyms]
- villain, antagonist
0
0
2018/07/10 09:59
2024/04/02 09:40
TaN
52212
clambering
[[English]]
[Noun]
clambering (plural clamberings)
1.The act of one who clambers.
2.1923, Charles Fort, New Lands:
It was his hope that he should find something of archaeologic compensation for his clamberings. He found Noah's Ark.
[Verb]
clambering
1.present participle and gerund of clamber
0
0
2024/04/02 09:43
TaN
52213
clamber
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈklæmbə/[Anagrams]
- cambrel, cramble
[Etymology]
From Middle English clambren, clameren, clemeren (“to climb, clamber; to crawl, creep”), then either:
- possibly from clam, clamb, clemb, past tense of climben (“to climb, get over; to ascend, rise”), and influenced by Old English clæmman (“to press”);[1] or
- from Old English *clambrian, from Proto-Germanic *klambrōną or *klambizōną.The English word is cognate with Low German klemmern, klempern (“to climb”), Scots clammer (“to clamber”); and compare also Danish klamre (“to cling”), Icelandic klambra, klembra (“to pinch closely together; clamp”), Swedish klamra (“to cling”).The noun is derived from the verb.[2]
[Noun]
clamber (plural clambers)
1.The act of clambering; a difficult or haphazard climb.
2.1814 February, J[ohn] C[am] Hobhouse, “A Journey through Albania, and Other Provinces of Turkey in Europe and Asia, to Constantinople, during the Years 1809 and 1810”, in The Literary Panorama […], volume XV, London: Printed by Jones and Hatfield, […], for C. Taylor, […], →OCLC, column 147:
Against intruding uncalled, and without a proper Sybilline conductress, into the realms of grim Pluto, he might have objections, not easily removed; but against a clamber to the scene of Jove's own Court [Mount Olympus], no objection could possibly lie, except the danger of breaking his neck, in coming down again;—much too trivial to deter a true virtuoso adept.
3.1847 April 1–7, William Bennett, “Letter X. Dublin—Cahirciveen.”, in Narrative of a Recent Journey of Six Weeks in Ireland, […], London: Charles Gilpin, […]; John Hatchard & Son, […]; Dublin: J. Curry, Jun. & Co., →OCLC, page 108:
The entrance to the caves is not far from the further gate of the park. Their position is truly disappointing. I had anticipated a clamber half up the side of the mountain, and then some vast rift of chasm, not attainable without difficulty and danger.
4.1863 October 3, Mary Eyre, “Saumur. Les Pierres Couvertes. Le Carrousel.”, in [Samuel Lucas], editor, Once a Week. An Illustrated Miscellany of Literature, Art, Science, & Popular Information, volume IX, number 223, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, page 418, column 2:
Beyond these woods were crags covered with purple heather, gleaming crimson in the light. Tired as I was, I could not resist going out of my way to enjoy a clamber over the wild moor, and its fresh breezy air.
5.2005, Richard Mabey, “Lair”, in Nature Cure, London: Chatto & Windus, →ISBN; republished Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia Press, 2007, →ISBN, page 76:
They [the author's cats] loved a large Ordnance Survey map above all things, or a clamber across the electric typewriter (though they never succeeded in typing their names, as my Chiltern cat Pip, in a moment of serendipitous dancing, very nearly did).
[References]
1. ^ “clambren, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007; compare “clamber, v.2”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1889; “clamber, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
2. ^ “clamber, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1889; “clamber, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
[Verb]
clamber (third-person singular simple present clambers, present participle clambering, simple past and past participle clambered)
1.(transitive, intransitive) To climb (something) with some difficulty, or in a haphazard fashion.
The children clambered over the jungle gym.
2.1626, Ovid, “The Tenth Booke”, in George Sandys, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished […], London: […] William Stansby, →OCLC, pages 199–200:
Now, neither for his harp, nor quiuer, cares: / Him ſelfe debaſing, beares the corded ſnares; / Or leades the dogs, or clambers mountaines; led / By lordly Loue, and flames by cuſtome fed.
3.1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC; reprinted in The Pilgrim’s Progress (The Noel Douglas Replicas), London: Noel Douglas, […], 1928, →OCLC, page 157:
Then ſaid the Shepherds, Thoſe that you ſee lie daſhed in pieces at the bottom of this Mountain, are they: and they have continued to this day unburied (as you ſee) for an example to others to take heed how they clamber too high, or how they come too near the brink of this Mountain.
4.1768, William Wilkie, “A Dialogue. The Author and a Friend.”, in Fables, London: Printed for Edward and Charles Dilly, […]; Edinburgh: A[lexander] Kincaid and J. Bell, →OCLC, page 138:
The worn-out Lawyer clambers to the bench / That he may live at eaſe, and keep his wench; [...]
5.1842, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter VIII, in Zanoni. […], volume I, London: Saunders & Otley, […], →OCLC, book the third (Theurgia), page 296:
She threaded the narrow path, she passed the gloomy vineyard that clambers up the rock, and gained the lofty spot, green with moss and luxuriant foliage, where the dust of him [Virgil] who yet soothes and elevates the minds of men is believed to rest.
6.1845, Thomas Moore, “The Fire-worshippers”, in The Poetical Works of Thomas Moore. […], London: Printed [by A[ndrew] Spottiswoode] for Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, […], →OCLC, page 362, column 1:
And scarce did manlier nerve uphold / The hero Zal in that fond hour, / Than wings the youth who, fleet and bold, / Now climbs the rocks to Hinda's bower. / See—light as up their granite steeps / The rock-goats of Arabia clamber, / Fearless from crag to crag he leaps, / And now is in the maiden's chamber.
7.1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Enoch Arden”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 4:
He purchased his own boat, and made a home / For Annie, neat and nestlike, halfway up / The narrow street that clamber'd toward the mill.
8.1894 December – 1895 November, Thomas Hardy, chapter I, in Jude the Obscure, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1896, →OCLC, part V (At Aldbrickham and Elswhere), page 306:
Fancy the secret meetings between the perjuring husband and wife, the denials of having seen each other, the clambering in at bedroom windows, and the hiding in closets!
9.1898, J[ohn] Meade Falkner, “In the Vault”, in Moonfleet, London: Edward Arnold; Edinburgh: T[homas] and A[rchibald] Constable, […], →OCLC; republished London, Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape […], 1934, →OCLC, page 56:
Thus, sitting where I was, I lit my candle once more, and then clambered across that great coffin which, for two hours or more, had been a mid-wall of partition between me and danger. […]
10.1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “Jungle Battles”, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC, page 67:
He would clamber about the roof and windows for hours attempting to discover means of ingress, but to the door he paid little attention, for this was apparently as solid as the walls.
11.1917 November, W[illiam] B[utler] Yeats, “A Deep-Sworn Vow”, in The Wild Swans at Coole, Other Verses and a Play in Verse, Churchtown, Dundrum [Dublin]: The Cuala Press, →OCLC, page 15:
When I clamber to the heights of sleep, / Or when I grow excited with wine, / Suddenly I meet your face.
12.2004, Shashi Deshpande, “Lost Springs”, in Collected Stories, volume II, New Delhi: Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 70:
But yesterday, on an impulse, we ventured out, getting through a gap in the wall and clambering up the rocks until we reached the peak.
13.2013, J[ohn] M[axwell] Coetzee, chapter 22, in The Childhood of Jesus, Melbourne, Vic.: The Text Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 220:
And in a trice he has clambered onto the kitchen dresser and is reaching for the top shelf.
0
0
2024/04/02 09:43
TaN
52214
compound
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈkɒmpaʊnd/[Etymology 1]
Possibly from Malay kampong, kampung (“group of buildings, village”), via Dutch or Portuguese,[1] altered under the influence of Etymology 2. Doublet of kampung.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English compounen, from Middle French componre, compondre (“to put together”), from Latin componō, from Latin com- (“together”) + ponō (“to put”).
[Further reading]
-
- Compound in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
- Compound word, encyclopedia.com
- “compound”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “compound”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “compound”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- “compound”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- “compound” (US) / “compound” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
- compound in Britannica Dictionary
- Compounds, dictionary.cambridge.org
- 6. Compounding Rules, govinfo.gov
- How do you decide whether a compound should be written as one word, separate words, or hyphenated words?, merriam-webster.com
- A Comprehensive Guide to Forming Compounds, merriam-webster.com
- English Language > Composition, britannica.com
[References]
1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “compound”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
[See also]
- Appendix:Compounds
0
0
2010/06/10 19:55
2024/04/02 09:45
52215
senior
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈsinjɚ/[Adjective]
senior (comparative more senior, superlative most senior)
1.Older; superior
senior citizen
2.Higher in rank, dignity, or office.
senior member; senior counsel
3.(US) Of or pertaining to a student's final academic year at a high school (twelfth grade) or university.
[Alternative forms]
- seniour (obsolete)
[Anagrams]
- Ireson, Nerios, Serino, irones, nories, nosier, rosein, seroin
[Antonyms]
- junior
- junior
[Etymology]
From Middle English senior, from Latin senior (“older”), comparative form of senex (“old”); see senate. Doublet of seigneur, seignior, senhor, señor, signore, sir, and sire.
[Further reading]
- “senior”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “senior”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[Noun]
senior (plural seniors)
1.(now chiefly US) An old person.
Synonyms: senior citizen; see also Thesaurus:old person
2.1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, “‘Question!’”, in The Lost World […], London, New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC, page 77:
Grave and reverend seniors seemed to have caught the prevailing spirit as badly as the students, and I saw white-bearded men rising and shaking their fists at the obdurate Professor.
3.Someone older than someone else (with possessive). [from 15th c.]
He was four years her senior.
4.Someone seen as deserving respect or reverence because of their age. [from 14th c.]
5.(obsolete, biblical) An elder or presbyter in the early Church. [14th–16th c.]
6.1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts :[8], folio clviij, recto:
Then Peter full of the holy gooſt ſayd vnto them. Ye ruelars of the people / and ſeniours of iſrahel […].
7.Somebody who is higher in rank, dignity, or office.
8.(US, Philippines) A final-year student at a high school or university. [from 17th c.]
[Synonyms]
- (older): geriatric, long in the tooth, on in years; see also Thesaurus:elderly
[[French]]
ipa :/se.njɔʁ/[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin senior. Doublet of sire, seigneur, and sieur.
[Further reading]
- “senior”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Noun]
senior m (plural seniors)
1.(sports) senior (older player)
2.elderly person
[[Indonesian]]
ipa :[sɛˈniɔr][Adjective]
senior
1.senior
1.older; superior
2.higher in rank, dignity, or office.
[Etymology]
From Dutch senior, from Latin senior (“older”), comparative form of senex (“old”). Doublet of senyur and sinyo.
[Further reading]
- “senior” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
[Synonyms]
- (in rank) kanan (Standard Malay)
[[Interlingua]]
[Adjective]
senior (comparative plus senior, superlative le plus senior)
1.older
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin senior.
[Noun]
senior (plural seniors)
1.lord
[[Latin]]
ipa :/ˈse.ni.or/[Adjective]
senior (neuter senius); third declension
1.comparative degree of senex
1.older, elder; rather old
Antonym: iūnior
[Anagrams]
- īnserō
- oriēns
[Etymology]
Comparative of senex.
[Noun]
senior m (genitive seniōris); third declension
1.(Medieval Latin) a lord, sir
Coordinate term: seniorissa
2.(Medieval Latin) an abbot
3.(Medieval Latin) a husband
4.old person, old man, older person, older man
[References]
- “senior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “senior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- senior in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- senior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- senior in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
[[Polish]]
ipa :/ˈsɛ.ɲɔr/[Etymology]
Learned borrowing from Latin senior.
[Further reading]
- senior in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- senior in Polish dictionaries at PWN
[Noun]
senior m pers (female equivalent seniorka)
1.doyen, senior (oldest member of the family by age)
Synonym: nestor
Antonym: junior
2.doyen, elder, senior (eldest or most experienced member of a group)
Synonyms: nestor, patriarcha
3.senior (athlete of adult age according to the regulations of a given sport discipline)
Antonym: junior
Hypernym: sportowiecsenior m pers
1.Sr. (title used after a father's name when his son is given the same name)
Antonym: junior
2.(feudalism, historical) feudal lord exercising power and guardianship over his subordinate vassal
Antonym: wasal
Hypernyms: feudał, zwierzchnik
3.(historical) during the period of the division of Poland into districts, the oldest of the Piasts who exercised supreme power and to whom the other princes ruling the various districts were subordinate
Hypernym: zwierzchnik
4.(Protestantism) senior (senior Protestant clergyman)
Hypernym: duchowny
[[Romanian]]
[Adjective]
senior m or n (feminine singular senioră, masculine plural seniori, feminine and neuter plural seniore)
1.senior
[Etymology]
Borrowed from French senior, itself borrowed from Latin senior.
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/seˈnjoɾ/[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin senior. Doublet of señor.
[Noun]
senior m (plural seniores)
1.senior (clarification of this definition is needed)
0
0
2011/02/27 16:30
2024/04/02 09:45
52216
lay
[[English]]
ipa :/leɪ/[Anagrams]
- Aly
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English leyen, leggen, from Old English leċġan (“to lay”), from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaną (“to lay”), causative form of Proto-Germanic *ligjaną (“to lie, recline”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie, recline”).Cognate with West Frisian lizze (“to lay, to lie”), Dutch leggen (“to lay”), German legen (“to lay”), Norwegian Bokmål legge (“to lay”), Norwegian Nynorsk leggja (“to lay”), Swedish lägga (“to lay”), Icelandic leggja (“to lay”), Albanian lag (“troop, band, war encampment”).
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English laie, lawe, from Old English lagu (“sea, flood, water, ocean”), from Proto-West Germanic *lagu (“water, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *laguz (“water, sea”), from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“water, body of water, lake”). Cognate with Icelandic lögur (“liquid, fluid, lake”), Latin lacus (“lake, hollow, hole”).
[Etymology 3]
From Middle English lay, from Old French lai, from Latin laicus, from Ancient Greek λαϊκός (laïkós). Doublet of laic.
[Etymology 4]
See lie. This word was influenced by the present tense verb lay.
[Etymology 5]
From Middle English lay, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Frankish *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Old English lācan (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). See lake (“to play”).
[Etymology 6]
From Middle English lay, laye, laiȝe, leyȝe, from Old English lǣh, lēh, northern (Anglian) variants of Old English lēah (“lea”). More at lea.
[Etymology 7]
From Middle English laige, læȝe, variants of Middle English lawe (“law”). More at law.
[Etymology 8]
Calque of Yiddish לייגן (leygn, “to put, lay”).
[References]
1. ^ John Bouvier (1839), “LAY”, in A Law Dictionary, […], volume II (L–Z), Philadelphia, Pa.: T. & J. W. Johnson, […], successors to Nicklin & Johnson, […], →OCLC.
2.↑ 2.0 2.1 “lay v.¹”, in James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VI, Part 1, London: Clarendon Press (1908), page 128.
[See also]
other terms containing the word "lay", with unclear etymology
- gooseberry lay
- kinchin lay
- snaffling lay
[[Anguthimri]]
[References]
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 186
[Verb]
lay
1.(transitive, Mpakwithi) to carry
[[Haitian Creole]]
ipa :/laj/[Etymology]
From French l’ail (“the garlic”).
[Noun]
lay
1.garlic
[[Lashi]]
ipa :/laɪ̯/[Postposition]
lay
1.through
2.across
[References]
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[7], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
[Verb]
lay
1.to pass
[[Malagasy]]
[Etymology]
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.
[Noun]
lay
1.sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)
2.tent
[[Mauritian Creole]]
[Etymology 1]
From French ail.
[Etymology 2]
From Malagasy ley (butterfly).
[References]
- Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français
[[Middle English]]
[Verb]
lay
1.Alternative form of leie: simple past of lien
[[Moore]]
ipa :/láj/[Etymology]
from French l’ail (“the garlic”)
[Noun]
lay
1.garlic (food)
[[Seychellois Creole]]
[Etymology 1]
From French ail.
[Etymology 2]
From Malagasy ley (butterfly).
[References]
- Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français
[[Vietnamese]]
ipa :[laj˧˧][Verb]
lay
1.to shake
0
0
2009/02/25 22:18
2024/04/02 13:21
52217
Tempest
[[English]]
[Etymology]
From tempest, a nickname for someone with a blustery temperament.
[Further reading]
- Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Tempest”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York City: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
[Proper noun]
Tempest (plural Tempests)
1.A surname transferred from the nickname.
0
0
2024/04/02 13:24
TaN
52218
tempest
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈtɛmpəst/[Etymology]
From Old French tempeste (French tempête), from Latin tempestas (“storm”), from tempus (“time, weather”).
[Noun]
tempest (plural tempests)
1.A storm, especially one with severe winds.
2.1714 June 10, [Alexander Pope], The Guardian, volume I, number 78, London: Printed for J[acob] Tonson, at Shakespear's-Head over-against Catherine-street in the Strand, page 332:
For a Tempeſt. Take Eurus, Zephyr, Auſter and Boreas, and caſt them together in one Verſe. Add to theſe of Rain, Lightning, and of Thunder (the loudeſt you can) quantum ſufficit. Mix your Clouds and Billows well together till they foam, and thicken your Deſcription here and there with a Quickſand. Brew your Tempeſt well in your Head, before you ſet it a blowing.
3.1781, [Mostyn John Armstrong], History and Antiquities of the County of Norfolk. Volume IX. Containing the Hundreds of Smithdon, Taverham, Tunstead, Walsham, and Wayland, volume IX, Norwich: Printed by J. Crouse, for M. Booth, bookseller, →OCLC, page 51:
BEAT on, proud billows; Boreas blow; / Swell, curled waves, high as Jove's roof; / Your incivility doth ſhow, / That innocence is tempeſt proof; / Though ſurly Nereus frown, my thoughts are calm; / Then ſtrike, Affliction, for thy wounds are balm. [Attributed to Roger L'Estrange (1616–1704).]
4.1847, Herman Melville, chapter 16, in Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas:
As every sailor knows, a spicy gale in the tropic latitudes of the Pacific is far different from a tempest in the howling North Atlantic.
5.1892, James Yoxall, chapter 5, in The Lonely Pyramid:
The desert storm was riding in its strength; the travellers lay beneath the mastery of the fell simoom. […] Roaring, leaping, pouncing, the tempest raged about the wanderers, drowning and blotting out their forms with sandy spume.
6.Any violent tumult or commotion.
7.1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:
Comforted with these reflections, the tempest of his soul subsided
8.1914, Ambrose Bierce, One Officer, One Man:
They awaited the word "forward"—awaited, too, with beating hearts and set teeth the gusts of lead and iron that were to smite them at their first movement in obedience to that word. The word was not given; the tempest did not break out.
9.(obsolete) A fashionable social gathering; a drum.
[References]
- tempest in An American Dictionary of the English Language, by Noah Webster, 1828.
- “tempest”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “tempest”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
[Verb]
tempest (third-person singular simple present tempests, present participle tempesting, simple past and past participle tempested)
1.(intransitive, rare) To storm.
2.(transitive, chiefly poetic) To disturb, as by a tempest.
3.1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
. . . the seal
And bended dolphins play; part huge of bulk,
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait,
Tempest the ocean.
4.1811, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Drowned Lover,”, in Poems from St. Irvyne:
Oh! dark lowered the clouds on that horrible eve,
And the moon dimly gleamed through the tempested air.
[[Middle English]]
[Etymology]
Old French tempeste
[Noun]
tempest (plural tempests)
1.tempest (storm)
0
0
2012/01/29 13:39
2024/04/02 13:24
52219
temp
[[English]]
ipa :/tɛmp/[Anagrams]
- EMT-P, Emp't, PETM, empt
[Etymology 1]
Clipping of temperature.
[Etymology 2]
See temp.
[Etymology 3]
Clipping of temporary.
[[Latvian]]
[Verb]
temp
1.inflection of tempt:
1.second-person singular present indicative
2.second-person singular imperative
[[Maltese]]
ipa :/tɛmp/[Etymology]
Borrowed from Sicilian tempu and/or Italian tempo, both from Latin tempus.
[Noun]
temp m (plural tempijiet)
1.weather
2.(grammar) tense
[[Polish]]
ipa :/tɛmp/[Noun]
temp n
1.genitive plural of tempo
[[Romansch]]
[Alternative forms]
- temps (Sursilvan)
- taimp (Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
- tains (Sutsilvan)
[Etymology]
From Latin tempus, from Proto-Indo-European *tempos (“stretch”), from the root *temp- (“to stretch, string”).
[Noun]
temp m (plural temps)
1.(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) time
[[Swedish]]
[Etymology]
Clipping of temperatur (“temperature”).
[Noun]
temp c
1.(colloquial, often in the definite "tempen") (body) temperature (as an indication of whether someone is sick)
ta tempen på någon
take someone's temperature
2.(colloquial, figuratively, in "ta tempen") to probe, to take someone's pulse (ascertain a mood, thoughts, or the like)
ta tempen på politikerna inför debatten
see what the politicians are thinking/take the politicians' pulse prior to the debate
[References]
- temp in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- temp in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- temp in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
0
0
2009/02/06 17:04
2024/04/02 13:24
TaN
52220
loom
[[English]]
ipa :/luːm/[Anagrams]
- mool
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English lome, from Old English lōma, ġelōma (“tool, utensil, implement, article of furniture, household effect”) (also as andlōma, andġelōma, andlāma (“utensil, instrument, implement, tool, vessel”), from Proto-West Germanic *lōmō, *lamō (“tool, utensil”), of uncertain origin. Cognate with Dutch alaam, allaam (“tool, household ware or good, appliance”), from Middle Dutch andlame. Perhaps originally meaning "a thing of frequent use, thing repeatedly needed", in which case, akin to Old English ġelōme (“often, frequently, continually, repeatedly”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *lōmiz, *lōmijaz (“lame, halt”), from Proto-Indo-European *lem- (“to break, soften”).Compare Old High German giluomo, kilōmo (“often, frequently”), Old High German luomen (“to wear out, fatigue”), Old High German *luomī (as in gastluomī (“hospitality”), Old English lama (“lame”). See lame.
[Etymology 2]
Shetland dialect, denoting a diver or guillemot, from Old Norse lómr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to howl”) (expressive root).
[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse ljóma (“to shine”).[1]
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/loːm/[Adjective]
loom (comparative lomer, superlative loomst)
1.lazy, pleasantly slow
[Adverb]
loom
1.lazily
[Etymology]
Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laum-, perhaps related to *lamaz (“withered, lame”). Compare the verb lummelen (“to lounge about”).
[[Estonian]]
ipa :/ˈloːm/[Etymology]
Derived from looma (“to create”)
[Noun]
loom (genitive looma, partitive looma)
1.animal
2.(informal) mammal
[[Pnar]]
ipa :/lom/[Noun]
loom
1.hill
0
0
2009/05/28 17:24
2024/04/02 13:24
TaN
52221
loom large
[[English]]
[Verb]
loom large (third-person singular simple present looms large, present participle looming large, simple past and past participle loomed large)
1.(idiomatic, intransitive) To have a great deal of importance, presence, power, or sway; to be of great significance or concern, especially when posing a likely threat or danger.
Synonym: bulk large
Energy policy will loom large in the policy decisions of the new government.
2.1934, United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Investigation of Nazi Propaganda Activities and Investigation of Certain Other Propaganda Activities, page 281:
Sooner or later the Catholic question will loom large in our way, so why not take a definite standpoint right from the beginning?
3.1957, Charlotte Towle, Common Human Needs, page 64:
One doubts that adequate assistance would loom large as a factor in the demoralization of the individual.
4.1980, Howard D. Crosse, George H. Hempel, Management Policies for Commercial Banks, page 174:
Nevertheless, even for a country bank, the unpredictable can loom large in the management of its reserve position.
5.1990, Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe: Volumes 7-8, page 131:
At the same time, the environmental problems certainly loom large in all transition countries.
6.1997, Neil L. Whitehead, The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana, page 15:
Virgin Queens loom large as inspirational icons of both endeavours but Ralegh's substantive commitment in financial and political terms was to the earlier Virginia project, with the Guiana episode appearing as a hastily conceived attempt to re-run the Virginia enterprise.
7.2007, Ingo Tönnies, Large-scale Mining in Papua New Guinea, page 107:
While the environmental damages might loom large, there are rather the changes on the social structure of the Wopkaimin community and the demands for more participation in the mine's benefits — in other words, there are also social and economical reasons for the emergence of conflicts as well.
8.2019, Thierry de Duve, Aesthetics at Large — Art, Ethics, Politics, page 111:
This is not to say that Schopenhauer and Nietzsche do not loom large in his work as well, but traveling back and forth between these two thinkers and Hegel is feasible, whereas reconciling Kant and Hegel is not—except perhaps via Schelling, but this would mean walking the romantic route, something Adorno avoids like the plague.
9.2021 July 7, Phil McNulty, “England 2-1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport[1]:
Schmeichel was Denmark's hero as England sought the winner, saving brilliantly from Harry Maguire and Harry Kane as the game went into extra time and the prospect of penalties loomed large.
10.2022 November 14, Justin McCurry, “Taiwan looms large as Joe Biden prepares to meet Xi Jinping in Bali”, in The Guardian[2]:
Taiwan looms large as Joe Biden prepares to meet Xi Jinping in Bali [title]
11.2023 July 12, Pip Dunn, “Class 99s: "ultimate Electro-Diesel"”, in RAIL, number 987, page 52:
But the point when it would have to look at alternative new-build vehicles was always looming large, and there would inevitably be a finite number of Class 66s it could source from elsewhere, and a limit to other locomotives it could re-power.
0
0
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TaN
52222
rundown
[[English]]
[Adjective]
rundown (not comparable)
1.Alternative form of run-down
[Anagrams]
- undrown
[Etymology]
Deverbal from run down.
[Noun]
rundown (plural rundowns)
1.(chiefly with definite article "the") A rough outline of a topic or situation.
Could you give me the rundown on the new rules?
2.(gambling) A summary of the horses to be raced on a particular day, with their weights, jockeys, odds, etc.
3.1946, Lancer, page 15:
Comes post-time, and I am at the bookie joint listening the running descriptions and rundowns, […]
4.1960, American Trial Lawyers Association, Convention Proceedings, page 455:
I would say this: If you are in a community where you do not have the rundown sheet on the horses in the race, do what they have done in Sacramento.
5.(baseball) A defensive play in which the runner is caught between two fielders, who steadily converge to tag the runner out.
Smith is caught in a rundown, but Jones will come around to score.
6.A Caribbean stew of meat or fish (typically mackerel) with reduced coconut milk, yam, tomato, onion and seasonings.
7.A reduction, e.g. of an activity, or in the size of something, such as a fleet.
8.2020 May 20, “Fleet News: LNER sends more '91s' off-lease”, in Rail, page 22:
The rundown of LNER's Class 91/Mk 4 fleet continues, with two more locomotives sent for store at Doncaster and a rake of coaches moving to Worksop,
[References]
- “rundown”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
[Synonyms]
- See Thesaurus:ramshackle
0
0
2017/09/07 11:07
2024/04/02 13:35
TaN
52223
run-down
[[English]]
[Adjective]
run-down
1.(of a person) Tired and exhausted.
2.(of a place) Decrepit.
3.2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page xiii, Preface:
In the Seventies the system was run-down and demoralised. Road transport was the future, the Underground was being 'managed for decline', and the system was filthier than the streets above.
4.2020 August 26, “Network News: Stations investment boosts regeneration, says report”, in Rail, page 17:
Among its findings, the report says: "In recent years we have seen more stations transformed from run-down Victorian hulks, or spartan bus-sheltered platforms, into places that people can take pride in, feel comfortable in using, and which are fulfilling more of their wider potential.
5.(of a clockwork mechanism) Having the spring unwound.
[Anagrams]
- undrown
[Etymology]
Deverbal from run down.
[Noun]
run-down (plural run-downs)
1.Alternative form of rundown
2.2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Citadel:
Shepard: Give me a run-down of the damage.
Avina: We have lost all primary power to the level. Environmental controls are not responding. Class three fires are burning in sectors 2, 3, 6 and 7. Civilian casualties are high.
0
0
2022/01/07 13:21
2024/04/02 13:35
TaN
52224
anchor
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈæŋ.kə/[Alternative forms]
- anchour (chiefly archaic)
[Anagrams]
- Charon, achorn, archon, noarch, rancho
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English anker, from Old English ancor, ancra, from Latin ancora, from (or cognate with) Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura). The modern form is a sixteenth-century modification after the Medieval Latin spelling anchora.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English anchoren, ankeren, either from the noun or perhaps (via Old French ancrer)[1] from a Medieval Latin verb ancorare, from the same Latin word ancora.
[Etymology 3]
Alternative forms.
[References]
1. ^ “ankeren, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
[[Asturian]]
[Etymology]
Compare anchu.
[Noun]
anchor m (plural anchores)
1.width
[Synonyms]
- ancheza
- anchura
[[Irish]]
[Etymology]
From an- (“bad, unnatural”) + cor (“turn”) (compare droch-chor (“bad turn; unfortunate happening, ill plight”)).
[Further reading]
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “anchor”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
[Mutation]
[Noun]
anchor m (genitive singular anchoir)
1.ill-treatment
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/anˈt͡ʃoɾ/[Etymology]
From ancho + -or.
[Further reading]
- “anchor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
[Noun]
anchor m (plural anchores)
1.(rare) width
Synonyms: anchura, ancho
0
0
2021/08/01 16:43
2024/04/02 15:21
TaN
52225
for
[[English]]
ipa :/fɔː(ɹ)/[Anagrams]
- 'fro, ORF, fro, orf
[Antonyms]
- against
[Conjunction]
for
1.(formal, literary) Because.
I had to stay with my wicked stepmother, for I had nowhere else to go.
2.c. 1601, William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night[1], act 3, scene 4:
[…] Dismount thy tuck, be yare in thy preparation, for thy assailant is quick, skillful and deadly.
3.1885, Richard Francis Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:
[…] nor is there found, in sea or on land, a sweeter or pleasanter of gifts than she; for she is prime in comeliness and seemlihead of face and symmetrical shape of perfect grace; her check is ruddy dight, her brow flower white, her teeth gem-bright, her eyes blackest black and whitest white, her hips of heavy weight, her waist slight and her favour exquisite.
4.1900, L[yman] Frank Baum, chapter 23, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz:
"By means of the Golden Cap I shall command the Winged Monkeys to carry you to the gates of the Emerald City," said Glinda, "for it would be a shame to deprive the people of so wonderful a ruler."
[Etymology]
From Middle English for, from Old English for (“for, because of”), from Proto-Germanic *furi (“for”), from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.Cognate with West Frisian foar (“for”), Dutch voor (“for”), German für (“for”), Danish for (“for”), Swedish för (“for”), Norwegian for (“for”), Icelandic fyrir (“for”), Latin per (“by, through, for, by means of”) and Romance language successors (e.g. Spanish para (“for”)), Ancient Greek περί (perí, “for, about, toward”), Lithuanian per (“by, through, during”), Sanskrit परि (pári, “over, around”).
[Particle]
for
1.(nonstandard, in representations of dialectal speech, especially that of black speakers) To, the particle for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
2.1896, McClure's magazine, page 270:
“'Ugh—I'll not be able for get up. Send for M'sieu le Curé—I'll be goin' for die for sure.'
3.1898 December 17, “Mr. Owens' Experience”, in Forest and Stream, volume 51, page 485:
[It was a] firs rate place for shoot a woodcocks, I tell you. [...] I say [it] wass no use for spen money. [...] An I say in "So wass I. I see lot of sy-pokes fly up an twist off like screw-cork an spit whistle, but I wass'nt able for get aim on him."
4.2007, H. Nigel Thomas, Return to Arcadia: A Novel (Tsar Publications):
"She say that when nigger people step out o' they place and start for rub shoulders with Bacra, trouble just 'round the corner."
[Preposition]
for
1.Towards; in the direction of.
The astronauts headed for the moon.
Run for the hills!
He was headed for the door when he remembered.
2.1631, Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], page 1, →OCLC:
Wee ſailed from Peru, (where wee had continued by the ſpace of one whole yeare,) for China and Iapan, by the South Sea; [...]
3.Directed at; intended to belong to.
I have something for you.
4.In order to help, benefit, gratify, honor etc. (someone or something).
Everything I do, I do for you.
We're having a birthday party for Janet.
The mayor gave a speech for the charity gala.
5.1976, Michael McDonald (lyrics and music), “Takin' It to the Streets”, performed by The Doobie Brothers:
You, telling me the things you're gonna do for me.
6.Befitting of someone’s beliefs, needs, wants, skills, or tastes; best suited to.
If having to bag the groceries correctly is more than you can handle, then this isn't the job for you.
7.To be used or treated in a stated way, or with a stated purpose.
This is a new bell for my bicycle.
The cake is for Tom and Helen's anniversary.
These apples here are for eating. The rest are for throwing away.
8.Supporting, in favour of.
Antonym: against
All those for the motion, raise your hands.
Who's for ice-cream?
I'm for going by train
Ten voted for, and three against. (with implied object)
9.Because of.
He wouldn't apologize; and just for that, she refused to help him.
He looks better for having lost weight. (UK usage)
She was the worse for drink.
I like her for lots of reasons.
10.c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:
with fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath
11.1867, Frederick Metcalfe, The Oxonian in Iceland, page 202:
"A summerly day for you," said my host; "You ought to be here in winter. It is impossible then to get out of the doors for the snow and wind. Ugh! dreadful weather!"
12.1864, George Etell Sargent, The Story of a City Arab, page 313:
I could not see his hands, for the thick gloves he wore, and his face was partially concealed by a red woollen comforter; but his entire appearance and manners tallied with what I had seen of Yorkshire farmerhood.
13.Intended to cure, remove or counteract; in order to cure, remove or counteract.
This medicine is for your cough.
I need to spray my house for termites.
14.Over (a period of time).
I've lived here for three years.
They fought for days over a silly pencil.
15.1717, Joseph Addison, Metamorphoses:
To guide the sun's bright chariot for a day.
16.Throughout or across (a distance in space).
I can see for miles.
17.c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:
For many miles about / There's scarce a bush.
18.Used to introduce a subject of a to-infinitive clause.
It is unreasonable for our boss to withhold our wages.
All I want is for you to be happy.
19.On behalf of.
I will stand in for him.
I speak for the Prime Minister.
20.In the role or capacity of; instead of; in place of.
I used a hay bale for a bed.
He's got a turnip for a brain.
21.In exchange for; in correspondence or equivalence with.
I got five hundred pounds for that old car!
He matched me blow for blow.
22.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 21:23-24:
And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.
23.In order to obtain or acquire.
I am aiming for completion by the end of business Thursday.
He's going for his doctorate.
Do you want to go for coffee?
People all over Greece looked to Delphi for answers.
Can you go to the store for some eggs?
I'm saving up for a car.
Don't wait for an answer.
What did he ask you for?
24.1641 (first performance), [John Denham], “The Prologue”, in The Sophy. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1667, →OCLC:
For we would have you know it, / The loſs will fall on us, not on the Poet: / For he writes not for money, nor for praiſe, / Nor to be call'd a Wit, nor to wear Bayes: […]
25.By the standards of, usually with the implication that those standards are lower than one might otherwise expect; considering.
Fair for its day.
She's spry for an old lady.
He's very mature, for a two-year-old.
26.To be, or as being.
Don't take me for a fool.
27.17th century Abraham Cowley, Of Wit
We take a falling meteor for a star.
28.a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:
if a man can be persuaded and fully assured of anything for a truth without having examined, what is there that he may not embrace for truth ?
29.c. 1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)
Most of our ingenious young men take up some cry'd-up English poet for their model.
30.1712, Ambrose Philips, The Distrest Mother:
But let her go for an ungrateful woman.
31.1976, Louis L’Amour, chapter 2, in The Rider of Lost Creek, Bantam Dell, →ISBN:
They knew him for a stranger.
32.(usually in the phrase 'for all') Despite, in spite of.
For all his expensive education, he didn't seem very bright.
33.1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 113:
"You must keep your head. There is still hope." "Hope!" "Yes; plentiful hope -- for all this destruction!"
34.1892 August 6, "The Unbidden Guest", in Charles Dickens, Jr. (editor), All the Year Round,[2] page 133,
Mr. Joseph Blenkinshaw was perhaps not worth quite so much as was reported; but for all that he was a very wealthy man […]
35.1968, J. J. Scarisbrick, Henry VIII, page 240:
For all his faults, there had been something lofty and great about him - as a judge, as a patron of education, as a builder, as an international figure.
36.
37. Indicating something desired or anticipated.
O for the wings of a dove.
Ah! for wings to soar …
And now for a slap-up meal!
38.1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act PROLOGUE, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:
O For a Muſe of Fire, that would aſcend / The brighteſt Heauen of Inuention :
39.1858 March 27, “The Lay of the Brief”, in Punch, Or, The London Charivari, page 129:
Oh! but to breathe the air / By their side under summer skies! To watch the blush on their cheeks, / The light in their liquid eyes. / Oh! but for one short hour, / To whisper a word of love; […]
40.(in expressions such as 'for a start') Introducing the first item(s) in a potential sequence .
Go scuba diving? For one thing, I can't even swim.
For another, we don't have any equipment.
41.(with names, chiefly US) In honor of; after.
He is named for his grandfather.
42.(UK) Due for or facing (a certain outcome or fate).
He totally screwed up that project. Now he's surely for the sack.
43.(chiefly US) Out of; used to indicate a fraction, a ratio
In term of base hits, Jones was three for four on the day
44.(cricket) Used as part of a score to indicate the number of wickets that have fallen.
At close of play, England were 305 for 3.
45.(obsolete) Indicating that in prevention of which, or through fear of which, anything is done.
46.1609–1612, Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, “The Captaine”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene v:
We'll have a bib, for spoiling of thy doublet.
47.Used in various more-or-less idiomatic ways to construe individual verbs, indicating various semantic relationships such as target, purpose, result, etc.; see also the entries for individual phrasal verbs, e.g. ask for, look for, stand for, etc.
to account for one's whereabouts to care for a relative to settle for second best to allow for mistakes
48.(nonstandard) So (that), in order to
He took the swing shift for he could get more overtime.
[References]
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
- “for”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “for”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[Synonyms]
- given that, seeing that; see also Thesaurus:because
[[Abinomn]]
[Noun]
for
1.a kind of fish
[[Cameroon Pidgin]]
ipa :/fɔ/[Alternative forms]
- foe, fo
[Etymology]
From English for.
[Preposition]
for
1.for
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈfɔr][Noun]
for m (plural fors)
1.tax, rate
2.(numismatics) exchange rate, market value (of a coin)
3.forum
4.(archaic) fuero, tribunal
[[Chinese]]
ipa :/fɔː²²/[Etymology 1]
From English for.
[Etymology 2]
Clipping of English forward.
[References]
- 歐陽偉豪 (2010-02-25), “中英見面冊﹕OK勤力、等我load一load”, in Ming Pao
[[Cornish]]
[Noun]
for
1.Mixed mutation of mor.
[[Danish]]
ipa :[ˈfoˀɐ̯][Etymology 1]
From Old Norse fóðr, from Middle Low German vōder (“linen, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“sheath”).
[Etymology 2]
From Old Danish for, from Proto-Germanic *furai (in Western Old Norse replaced by the variant Old Norse fyrr, from Proto-Germanic *furiz, *furi, = Danish before).
[Etymology 3]
See fare (“to rush, run”).
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :[for][Adverb]
for
1.away, far, gone
2.1998, Henrik Ibsen, translated by Odd Tangerud, Puphejmo : Dramo en tri aktoj[3]:
NORA (komencas elpreni el la skatolo, sed baldaŭ forĵetas ĉion). Ho, se mi kuraĝus eliri. Se nur neniu venus. Se nur ne dume okazus io hejme. Stulta babilaĵo; neniu venos. Nur ne pensi. Brosi la mufon. Delikataj gantoj, delikataj gantoj. For el la pensoj! For, for! Unu, du, tri, kvar, kvin, ses — (krias) Jen, tie ili venas —
NORA (begins to unpack the box, but soon pushes it all away). Oh, if I dared go out. If only no one would come. If only I could be sure nothing would happen here in the meantime. Stupid nonsense; no one will come. Only I mustn't think about it. I will brush my muff. What lovely, lovely gloves. Out of my thoughts, Away, away! One, two, three, four, five, six— (Screams) There, someone's coming—
[Etymology]
Compare Latin forās, forīs (“outside”).
[[French]]
ipa :/fɔʁ/[Etymology]
Inherited from Latin forum; doublet of fur and forum. Unrelated to French fort.
[Further reading]
- “for”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Noun]
for m (plural not attested)
1.(obsolete) Only used in for intérieur
[[Galician]]
[Etymology 1]
Inflected form of ir (“to go”).
[Etymology 2]
Inflected form of ser (“to be”).
[[Icelandic]]
ipa :/fɔːr/[Noun]
for f (genitive singular forar, nominative plural forir)
1.mud
Synonym: drulla
2.bog
[[Ido]]
ipa :/fɔr/[Etymology]
Borrowing from English far (from). Compare Esperanto for.
[Preposition]
for
1.far from, away from
[[Latin]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology]
From Proto-Italic *fāōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti (“to speak”). It is unclear why the verb is deponent.
[References]
- for in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- for in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- for in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Karl Gottlob Zumpt, 1846, A school-grammar of the Latin language, p146
[Verb]
for (present infinitive fārī or fārier, perfect active fātus sum); first conjugation, deponent, defective
1.to speak, talk, say
Synonyms: effor, inquam, oro, aio, dico, alloquor, loquor
[[Middle English]]
[Alternative forms]
- vor, ver, fer, fur
[Conjunction]
for
1.for
[Descendants]
- English: for.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}
- Scots: for
-
- Yola: vor, var
-
[Etymology]
From Old English for, from Proto-Germanic *fura, *furi.
[Preposition]
for
1.for
[References]
- “for, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “for, conj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
[[Middle Irish]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology]
From Old Irish for, from Proto-Celtic *uɸor, from Proto-Indo-European *uper.
[Further reading]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 for”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[Preposition]
for (with accusative or dative)
1.on, over
2.c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.
There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
ipa :/ˈfɔrː/[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse fóðr.
[References]
- “for” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/fɔrː/[Etymology 2]
From Old Norse fǫr, from Proto-Germanic *farō. Related to fara.
[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse for, probably derived from earlier Proto-Germanic *furhs.
[Etymology 5]
From Old Norse fóðr, from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder”).
[Etymology 6]
From Old Norse fóðr, borrowed from Middle Low German vōder (“sheath, linen”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą.
[Etymology 7]
From Old Norse fyrir.
[References]
- “for” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old English]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-West Germanic *furi.
[Etymology 2]
see faran
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Germanic *fōrō (“trip; wagon”).
[Etymology 4]
Variant of fearh. From Proto-West Germanic *farh (“pig”). Cognate with Middle Low German vōr (“lean young pig”).
[[Old Irish]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Celtic *sweseros, from *swīs (“you (pl.)”); compare Latin vester.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Celtic *uɸor-, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.
[Further reading]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 for (‘on, over’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 for, far, bar, uar (‘your’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[[Old Norse]]
[Etymology]
Probably derived from Proto-Germanic *furhs.
[Noun]
for f
1.furrow
[References]
- "for", in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
[[Old Saxon]]
[Noun]
for
1.Alternative form of fora
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈfoʁ/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Latin forem (imperfect active subjunctive).
[Etymology 2]
Unadapted borrowing from English for.
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin forum.
[Noun]
for n (plural foruri)
1.forum
[[Swedish]]
[Verb]
for
1.past indicative of fara
[[Walloon]]
ipa :/fɔʀ/[Etymology]
From Old French forn, from Latin furnus.
[Noun]
for m (plural fors)
1.oven
[[West Makian]]
ipa :/ɸor/[References]
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[4], Pacific linguistics
[Verb]
for
1.(transitive) to hit repeatedly with a stick or other object
0
0
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TaN
52226
for __
[[English]]
ipa :/fɔː(ɹ)/[Anagrams]
- 'fro, ORF, fro, orf
[Antonyms]
- against
[Conjunction]
for
1.(formal, literary) Because.
I had to stay with my wicked stepmother, for I had nowhere else to go.
2.c. 1601, William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night[1], act 3, scene 4:
[…] Dismount thy tuck, be yare in thy preparation, for thy assailant is quick, skillful and deadly.
3.1885, Richard Francis Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:
[…] nor is there found, in sea or on land, a sweeter or pleasanter of gifts than she; for she is prime in comeliness and seemlihead of face and symmetrical shape of perfect grace; her check is ruddy dight, her brow flower white, her teeth gem-bright, her eyes blackest black and whitest white, her hips of heavy weight, her waist slight and her favour exquisite.
4.1900, L[yman] Frank Baum, chapter 23, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz:
"By means of the Golden Cap I shall command the Winged Monkeys to carry you to the gates of the Emerald City," said Glinda, "for it would be a shame to deprive the people of so wonderful a ruler."
[Etymology]
From Middle English for, from Old English for (“for, because of”), from Proto-Germanic *furi (“for”), from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.Cognate with West Frisian foar (“for”), Dutch voor (“for”), German für (“for”), Danish for (“for”), Swedish för (“for”), Norwegian for (“for”), Icelandic fyrir (“for”), Latin per (“by, through, for, by means of”) and Romance language successors (e.g. Spanish para (“for”)), Ancient Greek περί (perí, “for, about, toward”), Lithuanian per (“by, through, during”), Sanskrit परि (pári, “over, around”).
[Particle]
for
1.(nonstandard, in representations of dialectal speech, especially that of black speakers) To, the particle for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
2.1896, McClure's magazine, page 270:
“'Ugh—I'll not be able for get up. Send for M'sieu le Curé—I'll be goin' for die for sure.'
3.1898 December 17, “Mr. Owens' Experience”, in Forest and Stream, volume 51, page 485:
[It was a] firs rate place for shoot a woodcocks, I tell you. [...] I say [it] wass no use for spen money. [...] An I say in "So wass I. I see lot of sy-pokes fly up an twist off like screw-cork an spit whistle, but I wass'nt able for get aim on him."
4.2007, H. Nigel Thomas, Return to Arcadia: A Novel (Tsar Publications):
"She say that when nigger people step out o' they place and start for rub shoulders with Bacra, trouble just 'round the corner."
[Preposition]
for
1.Towards; in the direction of.
The astronauts headed for the moon.
Run for the hills!
He was headed for the door when he remembered.
2.1631, Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], page 1, →OCLC:
Wee ſailed from Peru, (where wee had continued by the ſpace of one whole yeare,) for China and Iapan, by the South Sea; [...]
3.Directed at; intended to belong to.
I have something for you.
4.In order to help, benefit, gratify, honor etc. (someone or something).
Everything I do, I do for you.
We're having a birthday party for Janet.
The mayor gave a speech for the charity gala.
5.1976, Michael McDonald (lyrics and music), “Takin' It to the Streets”, performed by The Doobie Brothers:
You, telling me the things you're gonna do for me.
6.Befitting of someone’s beliefs, needs, wants, skills, or tastes; best suited to.
If having to bag the groceries correctly is more than you can handle, then this isn't the job for you.
7.To be used or treated in a stated way, or with a stated purpose.
This is a new bell for my bicycle.
The cake is for Tom and Helen's anniversary.
These apples here are for eating. The rest are for throwing away.
8.Supporting, in favour of.
Antonym: against
All those for the motion, raise your hands.
Who's for ice-cream?
I'm for going by train
Ten voted for, and three against. (with implied object)
9.Because of.
He wouldn't apologize; and just for that, she refused to help him.
He looks better for having lost weight. (UK usage)
She was the worse for drink.
I like her for lots of reasons.
10.c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:
with fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath
11.1867, Frederick Metcalfe, The Oxonian in Iceland, page 202:
"A summerly day for you," said my host; "You ought to be here in winter. It is impossible then to get out of the doors for the snow and wind. Ugh! dreadful weather!"
12.1864, George Etell Sargent, The Story of a City Arab, page 313:
I could not see his hands, for the thick gloves he wore, and his face was partially concealed by a red woollen comforter; but his entire appearance and manners tallied with what I had seen of Yorkshire farmerhood.
13.Intended to cure, remove or counteract; in order to cure, remove or counteract.
This medicine is for your cough.
I need to spray my house for termites.
14.Over (a period of time).
I've lived here for three years.
They fought for days over a silly pencil.
15.1717, Joseph Addison, Metamorphoses:
To guide the sun's bright chariot for a day.
16.Throughout or across (a distance in space).
I can see for miles.
17.c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:
For many miles about / There's scarce a bush.
18.Used to introduce a subject of a to-infinitive clause.
It is unreasonable for our boss to withhold our wages.
All I want is for you to be happy.
19.On behalf of.
I will stand in for him.
I speak for the Prime Minister.
20.In the role or capacity of; instead of; in place of.
I used a hay bale for a bed.
He's got a turnip for a brain.
21.In exchange for; in correspondence or equivalence with.
I got five hundred pounds for that old car!
He matched me blow for blow.
22.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 21:23-24:
And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.
23.In order to obtain or acquire.
I am aiming for completion by the end of business Thursday.
He's going for his doctorate.
Do you want to go for coffee?
People all over Greece looked to Delphi for answers.
Can you go to the store for some eggs?
I'm saving up for a car.
Don't wait for an answer.
What did he ask you for?
24.1641 (first performance), [John Denham], “The Prologue”, in The Sophy. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1667, →OCLC:
For we would have you know it, / The loſs will fall on us, not on the Poet: / For he writes not for money, nor for praiſe, / Nor to be call'd a Wit, nor to wear Bayes: […]
25.By the standards of, usually with the implication that those standards are lower than one might otherwise expect; considering.
Fair for its day.
She's spry for an old lady.
He's very mature, for a two-year-old.
26.To be, or as being.
Don't take me for a fool.
27.17th century Abraham Cowley, Of Wit
We take a falling meteor for a star.
28.a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:
if a man can be persuaded and fully assured of anything for a truth without having examined, what is there that he may not embrace for truth ?
29.c. 1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)
Most of our ingenious young men take up some cry'd-up English poet for their model.
30.1712, Ambrose Philips, The Distrest Mother:
But let her go for an ungrateful woman.
31.1976, Louis L’Amour, chapter 2, in The Rider of Lost Creek, Bantam Dell, →ISBN:
They knew him for a stranger.
32.(usually in the phrase 'for all') Despite, in spite of.
For all his expensive education, he didn't seem very bright.
33.1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 113:
"You must keep your head. There is still hope." "Hope!" "Yes; plentiful hope -- for all this destruction!"
34.1892 August 6, "The Unbidden Guest", in Charles Dickens, Jr. (editor), All the Year Round,[2] page 133,
Mr. Joseph Blenkinshaw was perhaps not worth quite so much as was reported; but for all that he was a very wealthy man […]
35.1968, J. J. Scarisbrick, Henry VIII, page 240:
For all his faults, there had been something lofty and great about him - as a judge, as a patron of education, as a builder, as an international figure.
36.
37. Indicating something desired or anticipated.
O for the wings of a dove.
Ah! for wings to soar …
And now for a slap-up meal!
38.1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act PROLOGUE, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:
O For a Muſe of Fire, that would aſcend / The brighteſt Heauen of Inuention :
39.1858 March 27, “The Lay of the Brief”, in Punch, Or, The London Charivari, page 129:
Oh! but to breathe the air / By their side under summer skies! To watch the blush on their cheeks, / The light in their liquid eyes. / Oh! but for one short hour, / To whisper a word of love; […]
40.(in expressions such as 'for a start') Introducing the first item(s) in a potential sequence .
Go scuba diving? For one thing, I can't even swim.
For another, we don't have any equipment.
41.(with names, chiefly US) In honor of; after.
He is named for his grandfather.
42.(UK) Due for or facing (a certain outcome or fate).
He totally screwed up that project. Now he's surely for the sack.
43.(chiefly US) Out of; used to indicate a fraction, a ratio
In term of base hits, Jones was three for four on the day
44.(cricket) Used as part of a score to indicate the number of wickets that have fallen.
At close of play, England were 305 for 3.
45.(obsolete) Indicating that in prevention of which, or through fear of which, anything is done.
46.1609–1612, Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, “The Captaine”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene v:
We'll have a bib, for spoiling of thy doublet.
47.Used in various more-or-less idiomatic ways to construe individual verbs, indicating various semantic relationships such as target, purpose, result, etc.; see also the entries for individual phrasal verbs, e.g. ask for, look for, stand for, etc.
to account for one's whereabouts to care for a relative to settle for second best to allow for mistakes
48.(nonstandard) So (that), in order to
He took the swing shift for he could get more overtime.
[References]
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
- “for”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “for”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
[Synonyms]
- given that, seeing that; see also Thesaurus:because
[[Abinomn]]
[Noun]
for
1.a kind of fish
[[Cameroon Pidgin]]
ipa :/fɔ/[Alternative forms]
- foe, fo
[Etymology]
From English for.
[Preposition]
for
1.for
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈfɔr][Noun]
for m (plural fors)
1.tax, rate
2.(numismatics) exchange rate, market value (of a coin)
3.forum
4.(archaic) fuero, tribunal
[[Chinese]]
ipa :/fɔː²²/[Etymology 1]
From English for.
[Etymology 2]
Clipping of English forward.
[References]
- 歐陽偉豪 (2010-02-25), “中英見面冊﹕OK勤力、等我load一load”, in Ming Pao
[[Cornish]]
[Noun]
for
1.Mixed mutation of mor.
[[Danish]]
ipa :[ˈfoˀɐ̯][Etymology 1]
From Old Norse fóðr, from Middle Low German vōder (“linen, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“sheath”).
[Etymology 2]
From Old Danish for, from Proto-Germanic *furai (in Western Old Norse replaced by the variant Old Norse fyrr, from Proto-Germanic *furiz, *furi, = Danish before).
[Etymology 3]
See fare (“to rush, run”).
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :[for][Adverb]
for
1.away, far, gone
2.1998, Henrik Ibsen, translated by Odd Tangerud, Puphejmo : Dramo en tri aktoj[3]:
NORA (komencas elpreni el la skatolo, sed baldaŭ forĵetas ĉion). Ho, se mi kuraĝus eliri. Se nur neniu venus. Se nur ne dume okazus io hejme. Stulta babilaĵo; neniu venos. Nur ne pensi. Brosi la mufon. Delikataj gantoj, delikataj gantoj. For el la pensoj! For, for! Unu, du, tri, kvar, kvin, ses — (krias) Jen, tie ili venas —
NORA (begins to unpack the box, but soon pushes it all away). Oh, if I dared go out. If only no one would come. If only I could be sure nothing would happen here in the meantime. Stupid nonsense; no one will come. Only I mustn't think about it. I will brush my muff. What lovely, lovely gloves. Out of my thoughts, Away, away! One, two, three, four, five, six— (Screams) There, someone's coming—
[Etymology]
Compare Latin forās, forīs (“outside”).
[[French]]
ipa :/fɔʁ/[Etymology]
Inherited from Latin forum; doublet of fur and forum. Unrelated to French fort.
[Further reading]
- “for”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Noun]
for m (plural not attested)
1.(obsolete) Only used in for intérieur
[[Galician]]
[Etymology 1]
Inflected form of ir (“to go”).
[Etymology 2]
Inflected form of ser (“to be”).
[[Icelandic]]
ipa :/fɔːr/[Noun]
for f (genitive singular forar, nominative plural forir)
1.mud
Synonym: drulla
2.bog
[[Ido]]
ipa :/fɔr/[Etymology]
Borrowing from English far (from). Compare Esperanto for.
[Preposition]
for
1.far from, away from
[[Latin]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology]
From Proto-Italic *fāōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti (“to speak”). It is unclear why the verb is deponent.
[References]
- for in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- for in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- for in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Karl Gottlob Zumpt, 1846, A school-grammar of the Latin language, p146
[Verb]
for (present infinitive fārī or fārier, perfect active fātus sum); first conjugation, deponent, defective
1.to speak, talk, say
Synonyms: effor, inquam, oro, aio, dico, alloquor, loquor
[[Middle English]]
[Alternative forms]
- vor, ver, fer, fur
[Conjunction]
for
1.for
[Descendants]
- English: for.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}
- Scots: for
-
- Yola: vor, var
-
[Etymology]
From Old English for, from Proto-Germanic *fura, *furi.
[Preposition]
for
1.for
[References]
- “for, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “for, conj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
[[Middle Irish]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology]
From Old Irish for, from Proto-Celtic *uɸor, from Proto-Indo-European *uper.
[Further reading]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 for”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[Preposition]
for (with accusative or dative)
1.on, over
2.c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.
There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
ipa :/ˈfɔrː/[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse fóðr.
[References]
- “for” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/fɔrː/[Etymology 2]
From Old Norse fǫr, from Proto-Germanic *farō. Related to fara.
[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse for, probably derived from earlier Proto-Germanic *furhs.
[Etymology 5]
From Old Norse fóðr, from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder”).
[Etymology 6]
From Old Norse fóðr, borrowed from Middle Low German vōder (“sheath, linen”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą.
[Etymology 7]
From Old Norse fyrir.
[References]
- “for” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old English]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-West Germanic *furi.
[Etymology 2]
see faran
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Germanic *fōrō (“trip; wagon”).
[Etymology 4]
Variant of fearh. From Proto-West Germanic *farh (“pig”). Cognate with Middle Low German vōr (“lean young pig”).
[[Old Irish]]
ipa :/for/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Celtic *sweseros, from *swīs (“you (pl.)”); compare Latin vester.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Celtic *uɸor-, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.
[Further reading]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 for (‘on, over’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 for, far, bar, uar (‘your’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[[Old Norse]]
[Etymology]
Probably derived from Proto-Germanic *furhs.
[Noun]
for f
1.furrow
[References]
- "for", in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
[[Old Saxon]]
[Noun]
for
1.Alternative form of fora
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈfoʁ/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Latin forem (imperfect active subjunctive).
[Etymology 2]
Unadapted borrowing from English for.
[[Romanian]]
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Latin forum.
[Noun]
for n (plural foruri)
1.forum
[[Swedish]]
[Verb]
for
1.past indicative of fara
[[Walloon]]
ipa :/fɔʀ/[Etymology]
From Old French forn, from Latin furnus.
[Noun]
for m (plural fors)
1.oven
[[West Makian]]
ipa :/ɸor/[References]
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[4], Pacific linguistics
[Verb]
for
1.(transitive) to hit repeatedly with a stick or other object
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52227
non
[[Translingual]]
[Symbol]
non
1.(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Old Norse.
[[English]]
ipa :/nɑn/[Adverb]
non (not comparable)
1.Obsolete form of none.
[Noun]
non (plural nons)
1.(Malaysia, slang) A non-Muslim citizen.
[[Asturian]]
[Adverb]
non
1.no
[Etymology]
From Latin non.
[[Basque]]
ipa :/non/[Adverb]
non (interrogative)
1.inessive indefinite inanimate of nor; where
[Etymology]
From Proto-Basque *no- (interrogative stem) + -n (inessive suffix).
[Further reading]
- "non" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
- “non” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus
[[Chiricahua]]
[Noun]
non
1.Alternative spelling of nun
[[Chuukese]]
[Preposition]
non
1.in
[[Cimbrian]]
[Noun]
non
1.plural of nono (“grandfather”): grandparents
[[Dutch]]
ipa :-ɔn[Etymology]
From Middle Dutch nonne, which ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.
[Noun]
non f (plural nonnen, diminutive nonnetje n)
1.nun
[Synonyms]
- zuster
- kloosterzuster
[[Fala]]
ipa :/ˈnon/[Adverb]
non
1.not (negates the meaning of the modified verb)
2.2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme II, Chapter 2: Recunquista:
Non poemos analizar con pormenoris estis siglos, pero tampoco se debi toleral que, sin fundamentus, se poña en duda algo que a Historia documentá nos lega sobre nossa terra.
We can’t thoroughly analyse these centuries, but one mustn’t tolerate that, unfoundedly, something documented history tells us about our land be questioned.
[Alternative forms]
- nun
- no
[Etymology]
From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn (“not”).
[References]
- Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
[[French]]
ipa :/nɔ̃/[Adverb]
non
1.no
[Conjunction]
non
1.not
2.1869, Sully Prudhomme, “La Voie lactée”, in Les Solitudes:
Êtes-vous toujours en prière ?
Êtes-vous des astres blessés ?
Car ce sont des pleurs de lumière,
Non des rayons, que vous versez.
Are you still in prayer?
Are you hurt stars?
Because it is cries of light,
Not rays, that you pour.
[Etymology]
Inherited from Old French non, from Latin nōn.
[Further reading]
- “non”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[Interjection]
non
1.no!
[Noun]
non m (plural nons)
1.a no, a negative response
[[Friulian]]
[Etymology]
From Latin nōmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.
[Noun]
non m (plural nons)
1.name
[[Fula]]
[Adverb]
non
1.a deictic element referring to either a preceding adverb or the preceding statement
debbo reeduujo hino hanndi e ñaametee yottiiɗo fii yo tere makko ɗen gollu no haaniri non.
A pregnant woman requires a substantial diet for her body to function properly
[Particle]
non
1.a particle of insistance which can be added to a conjunction, interjection or pronoun
Min non mi yiɗaa ɗun!
As for me, I especially dislike that
[References]
- Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
[[Galician]]
ipa :[nʊ̃ŋ][Adverb]
non
1.no, not, not at all
2.no (used to show disagreement or negation)
3.no (used to reinforce an affirmation as negation of the alternative - but it can be omitted without changing the meaning)
Ás veces é mellor berrar que non calar
Sometimes it is better to shout than to - keep quiet
4.no (reinforces a mandate in interrogative sentences)
[Alternative forms]
- não (reintegrationist)
- nom (reintegrationist)
[Etymology]
From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn.
[Further reading]
- “non” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
[References]
- “non” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “non” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
[[Haitian Creole]]
ipa :/nɔ̃/[Etymology 1]
From French non (“no, not”).
[Etymology 2]
From French nom (“name”).
[[Ido]]
[Etymology]
From English nine, German neun, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. In length from English nona-, French nona-, Italian nono, Spanish nono.
[Numeral]
non
1.nine (9)
[[Indonesian]]
ipa :[ˈnɔn][Etymology 1]
Ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.
- The sense of nun is a Dutch non (“nun”), cf above.
[Etymology 2]
Cognate of Indonesian non-
[Further reading]
- “non” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
[[Interlingua]]
[Adverb]
non
1.not
[[Istriot]]
[Alternative forms]
- nom
[Etymology]
From Latin nōmen. Compare Friulian non, Dalmatian naun.
[Noun]
non
1.name
[[Italian]]
ipa :/non/[Adverb]
non
1.not
2.un-
3.don't
[Etymology]
From Latin nōn.
[[Ladino]]
[Adverb]
non (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נון)
1.not
ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו איל בﬞארון קי נון אנדה אין קונסיזﬞו די מאלוס.
Bienaventurado el varon que non anda en consejo de malos.
Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the wicked.
[Etymology]
From Latin nōn.
[[Latin]]
ipa :/noːn/[Alternative forms]
- n̄ (abbreviation, medieval)
[Etymology]
From Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”). Equivalent to ne + ūnus.[1] See also nē and nī.
[Particle]
nōn (negative particle)
1.not
Lingua Graeca est; potest nōn legī.
It's Greek; it can not be read.
Sit ut est, aut nōn sit.
Let it be as it is, otherwise it would not be.
[References]
- non in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- non in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- non in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “non-”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
[[Lote]]
[Noun]
non
1.man
[References]
- Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)
[[Manchu]]
[Romanization]
non
1.Romanization of ᠨᠣᠨ
[[Mauritian Creole]]
ipa :/nɔ̃/[Etymology 1]
From French nom.
[Etymology 2]
From French non.
[[Middle French]]
[Etymology]
From Old French non.
[Interjection]
non
1.no
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
[Anagrams]
- onn
[Etymology]
From Old Norse nón, from Latin nona (hora) (“ninth hour”). Akin to English noon and nones.
[Noun]
non n (definite singular nonet, indefinite plural non, definite plural nona)
1.(historical) the ninth hour after dawn (about 3pm)
2.a meal eaten around 3-5 pm
3.(Catholicism) none, nones
[References]
- “non” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Old English]]
ipa :/noːn/[Etymology 1]
From Latin nōna (“ninth; ninth hour”).
[References]
- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “nōn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “non”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[[Old French]]
ipa :-on[Adverb]
non
1.not
2.c. 1190, Chrétien de Troyes, Le Roman de Percival:
Les uns barbez, les autres non
Some bearded, the others not
[Etymology]
From Latin nōn.
[Interjection]
non
1.no
[Noun]
non oblique singular, m (oblique plural nons, nominative singular nons, nominative plural non)
1.Alternative form of nom
[[Old Galician-Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈnõ/[Adverb]
non
1.no, not
2.13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 84 (facsimile):
ſi ou non
yes or no
[Etymology]
From Latin nōn (“no”), from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”).
[[Romansch]]
[Etymology]
From Late Latin nonnus (compare Italian nonno).
[Noun]
non m (plural nons)
1.(Puter) grandfather
[Synonyms]
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) tat
- (Vallader) bazegner, bapsegner
[[Seychellois Creole]]
[Etymology]
From French non.
[Interjection]
non
1.no
[[Sicilian]]
ipa :/nɔn/[Adverb]
non
1.not
[Alternative forms]
- nun
[Etymology]
Dialectal variant of Sicilian nun, from Latin nōn. Maybe influenced from Italian non.
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/ˈnon/[Etymology 1]
From Latin non.
[Etymology 2]
From Latin non (par).
[Further reading]
- “non”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
[[Uzbek]]
[Noun]
non (plural nonlar)
1.bread
[[Vietnamese]]
ipa :[nɔn˧˧][Etymology 1]
From Proto-Vietic *k-nɔːn, from *k-rn-ɔːn, which Ferlus considered an infixed derivation of Proto-Vietic *kɔːn (“child”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] kunɔːn¹, Semai kenon (“child”), Juang kɔnɔn ("child, son, the young one; young"), Khmu [Cuang] krnɔːn ("uterus"). Likely received some semantic influence from 嫩 (MC nwonH) (SV: nộn) as well.
[[Vurës]]
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Further reading]
Catriona Malau (2011-05-05) Dictionary of Vurës
[Noun]
non
1.barracuda, (blackfin barracuda) Sphyraena qenie
[[Western Apache]]
ipa :[nòn][Alternative forms]
- noi
[Etymology]
Cognates: Navajo nooʼ, Chiricahua nun, Mescalero nun, Plains Apache nǫǫ.
[Noun]
non
1.something stored away, cache
[[Zazaki]]
ipa :[ˈnon][Noun]
non
1.Alternative form of nan
0
0
2009/03/03 11:03
2024/04/02 15:25
52228
no
[[Translingual]]
[Symbol]
no
1.(international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Norwegian.
[[English]]
ipa :/nəʊ/[Alternative forms]
- nah, nope, nay
[Anagrams]
- -on, ON, ON., on, on-
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English no, noo, na, a reduced form of none, noon, nan (“none, not any”) used before consonants (compare a to an), from Old English nān (“none, not any”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz (“not any”, literally “not one”), equivalent to ne (“not”) + a.Cognate with Scots nae (“no, not any, none”), Old Frisian nān, nēn ("no, not any, none"), Saterland Frisian naan, neen (“no, not any, none”), North Frisian nian (“no, not any, none”), Old Dutch nēn ("no, not any, none"; > Dutch neen (“no”)), Old Norse neinn (“no, not any, none”). Compare also Old Saxon nigēn ("not any"; > Low German nen), Old Dutch nehēn (Middle Dutch negheen/negeen, Dutch geen), West Frisian gjin, Old High German nihein (> German kein). More at no, one.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English no, na, from Old English nā, nō (“no, not, not ever, never”), from Proto-Germanic *nai (“never”), *ne (“not”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne, *nē, *nēy (negative particle), equivalent to Old English ne (“not”) + ā, ever, always. Cognate with Scots na (“no”), Saterland Frisian noa (“no”), West Frisian né (“no”), nea (“never”), Dutch nee (“no”), Low German nee (“no”), German nie (“never”), dialectal German nö (“no”), Danish nej (“no”), Swedish nej (“no”), Icelandic nei (“no”). More at nay.
[Etymology 3]
Variant of No., from the scribal abbreviation for Latin numero (“in number, to the number of”).
[References]
- “no”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
[See also]
- Thesaurus:quantifier
[[Ainu]]
ipa :[no̞][[Alemannic German]]
ipa :/ˈnɔ/[Adverb]
no
1.still, yet
Bisch no do? ― Are you still here?
2.eventually (at an unknown time in the future)
Er chunt scho no. ― He will come eventually.
3.(only) just; barely (by a small margin)
Sii hät grad no so gwunne. ― She just barely won.
4.(with comparative) even
Das isch sogar no schönner. ― This is even prettier.
[Etymology]
Related to German noch.
[Particle]
no
1.This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
[[Asturian]]
[Contraction]
no n (masculine nel, feminine na, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nes)
1.in the
[Etymology]
From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + neuter singular article lo (“the”).
[[Atong (India)]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology 2]
From Hindi नौ (nau).
[References]
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. For "nine", stated in Appendix 3.
[[Awa (New Guinea)]]
[Noun]
no
1.water
[References]
- The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN
[[Bavarian]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Adverb]
no
1.still, yet (up to and including a given time)
Mia san no ned då. ― We're not there yet.
Des geht si no aus. ― There's still time for that.
2.yet, eventually (at an unknown time in the future)
Mia wern scho no åkumma. ― We'll arrive eventually.
3.additionally, in addition, besides, else; more often expressed in English with another, more
No ana! ― Another one!
Foid da no wås ei? ― Can you think of anything else?
4.(only) just; barely (by a small margin)
Is se gråd no ausgånga. ― We made it just in time.
5.(with comparative) even
Des is jå no depperter. ― That's even more stupid.
[Etymology]
From Old High German noh, from Proto-West Germanic *noh, from Proto-Germanic *nuh, from Proto-Indo-European *nū-kʷe-. Cognates include German noch, Yiddish נאָך (nokh) and Dutch nog, Dutch noch.
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈno][Adverb]
no
1.not, main negation marker
Antonyms: sí, hoc
No tinc diners. ― No, I do not have money.
No facis això. ― No, don't do that.
[Etymology]
From Old Catalan no, from Latin nōn.
[Further reading]
- “no” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “no”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “no” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “no” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
[Interjection]
no
1.no (negation; commonly used to respond negatively to a question)
[Noun]
no m (plural nos)
1.no
[[Cebuano]]
[Alternative forms]
- noh — slang
[Etymology]
From Spanish no.
[Interjection]
no
1.indicating surprise at, or requesting confirmation of, some new information; to express skepticism
2.indicating that what was just said was obvious and unnecessary; contrived incredulity
[[Czech]]
ipa :[ˈno][Adverb]
no
1.certainly, indeed, of course
2.yeah, yep
[Etymology]
Short for ano (“yes”).
[Further reading]
- no in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- no in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
[Interjection]
no
1.well, why
No ne! ― Well, I never!
[[Dimasa]]
[Noun]
no
1.home
[[Dumbea]]
ipa :/noː/[Noun]
no
1.mosquito
[References]
- Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDuᵐbea" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
- Shintani, T.L.A. & Païta, Y. (1990) Dictionnaire de la langue de Païta, Nouméa: Sociéte d'etudes historiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Cited in: "Drubea" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :[no][Noun]
no (accusative singular no-on, plural no-oj, accusative plural no-ojn)
1.The name of the Latin-script letter N.
[[Ewe]]
ipa :/no/[Noun]
no
1.breast
[Verb]
no
1.to drink
2.to suck
[[Fala]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology 1]
From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn (“not”); probably influenced by Spanish no.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Galician-Portuguese no, equivalent to en (“in”) + o (masculine singular definite article).
[References]
- Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[2], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
[[Finnish]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Anagrams]
- -on, on
[Etymology]
Similar interjections can be found in other Finnic languages (compare Estonian no, noh, Ingrian no, Karelian no, Livonian no, noh, Ludian no, Votic no) and possibly also in other Uralic languages (compare Komi-Zyrian но (no), Udmurt но (no)). Compare also to those found in neighboring Indo-European languages (such as Swedish nå, Latvian nu, Russian ну (nu)), which may all trace back as far as Proto-Indo-European *nu. SSA concludes that the interjection is probably part original and part foreign.[1]
[Further reading]
- “no”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
[Interjection]
no
1.well! (to acknowledge a situation; encouragement to answer or react; expressing the overcoming of reluctance to say something; exclamation of indignance)
Alternative form: noh
No sepä mukavaa! ― Well, that’s nice.
No kai meidän sitten pitää käydä katsomassa. ― Well I guess we have to go look then.
No, mikset mennyt juhliin? ― Well, why didn't you go to the party?
Siellä oli, no, aika tylsää. ― It was, well, pretty boring there.
No, et sinä nyt noin voi käyttäytyä! ― Well! You can't behave like that!
[References]
1. ^ Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
[[French]]
ipa :/no/[Alternative forms]
- nº, Nº
[Anagrams]
- on
[Noun]
no m
1.Abbreviation of numéro (“number”).
[[Friulian]]
[Adverb]
no
1.no
Antonym: sì
[Etymology]
From Latin nōn.
[[Fula]]
[Adverb]
no
1.how?
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[[Galician]]
ipa :/nʊ/[Etymology 1]
From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + masculine article o (“the”).
[Etymology 2]
From a mutation of o.
[[Garo]]
[Noun]
no
1.younger sister
[Synonyms]
- nogipa (formal)
- nono
[[Guinea-Bissau Creole]]
[Etymology]
From Portuguese nós. Cognate with Kabuverdianu nu.
[Pronoun]
no
1.we
[[Hawaiian]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Preposition]
no
1.for, belonging to, from
[[Hone]]
[Further reading]
- Anne Storch, Hone, in Coding Participant Marking: Construction Types in Twelve African Languages, edited by Gerrit Jan Dimmendaal
[Noun]
no
1.husband
[[Ido]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology]
Borrowed from English no, French non, Italian no, Spanish no. Paronym to ne.
[Interjection]
no
1.no
Antonym: yes
[[Ingrian]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Etymology 1]
Cognate with Finnish no and Estonian no. It is uncertain whether this word is natively Finnic or a borrowing from an Indo-European language (compare Russian ну (nu) and Swedish nå).
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Russian но (no).
[References]
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 343
[[Interlingua]]
[Adverb]
no
1.no
No, ille non travalia hodie. ― No, he is not working today.
[Noun]
no (plural nos)
1.no
Illa time audir un no. ― She is afraid of hearing no.
[[Italian]]
ipa :/ˈnɔ/[Etymology 1]
From Latin nōn.
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Japanese 能 (nō, literally “[performing] skill, talent”).
[Etymology 3]
Borrowed from English no.
[[Japanese]]
[Romanization]
no
1.Rōmaji transcription of の
2.Rōmaji transcription of ノ
[[Kalasha]]
[Etymology]
From Sanskrit नव (nava).
[Numeral]
no
1.nine; 9
[[Kikuyu]]
ipa :/nɔ/[Conjunction]
no
1.but[3]
Mĩano ndĩtukanagio no kanua. - The diviner's gourds do not get confused, but a mouth does.[4]
[Particle]
no
1.(it is) only[1]
Gĩkũrũ kĩega no kĩratina.[2] - The only good old thing is a sausage tree fruit (for fermenting muratina).
Mũndũ ũtathiaga oigaga no nyina ũrugaga wega. - One who does not travel says only his/her mother's cooking is good.
[References]
1. ^ “no” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2. ^ Wanjohi, G. J. (2001). Under One Roof: Gĩkũyũ Proverbs Consolidated, p. 21. Paulines Publications Africa.
3. ^ Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, pp. 32, 235.
4. ^ Barra, G. (1960). 1,000 Kikuyu proverbs: with translations and English equivalents, p. 51. London: Macmillan.
[[Ladin]]
[Adverb]
no
1.not
2.no
[Etymology]
From Latin non.
[[Ladino]]
[Adverb]
no (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נו)
1.not
[Interjection]
no (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נו)
1.no
[[Lashi]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nak (“black, evil”). Cognates include Burmese နက် (nak) and Tibetan སྣག (snag).
[Etymology 2]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[References]
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[4], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
[[Latin]]
ipa :/noː/[Etymology]
From Proto-Italic *snāō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂- (“to flow, to swim”). Cognate with Ancient Greek νάω (náō).
[References]
- no in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- no in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
[Verb]
nō (present infinitive nāre, perfect active nāvī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
1.(intransitive) to swim
Nat lupus inter oves. ― The wolf swims between the sheep.
Nare contra aquam ― To swim against the stream
Piger ad nandum ― Slow at swimming
Ars nandi ― The art of swimming
2.1st century BC, Lucretius, De rerum natura iii. 479.
Cum vini vis penetravit,
Consequitur gravitas membrorum, præpediuntur
Crura vacillanti, tardescit lingua, madet mens,
Nant oculi, clamor, sigultis, jurgia gliscunt. --
When once the force of wine hath inly pierst,
Limbes-heavinesse is next, legs faine would goe,
But reeling cannot, tongue drawles, mindes disperst,
Eyes swime, ciries, hickups, brables grow.
3.(intransitive) to float
Synonym: fluitō
Carinae nant freto. ― Ships float in the sea.
4.(poetic, intransitive) to sail, flow, fly, etc.
Per medium classi barbara navit Athon. ― The barbarian youth sailed its fleet through the middle of Athos.
Undae nantes refulgent. ― The flowing waves glitter.
[[Latvian]]
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Preposition]
no
1.from
skaitīt no viens līdz desmit ― to count from one to ten
viņš ir no Latvijas ― he is from Latvia
2.out of
iziet no istabas ― to go out of the room
3.for
4.of
viens no viņa draugiem ― one of his friends
izgatavots no koka ― made of wood
5.with
no sirds ― with all one's heart
[[Lombard]]
[Adverb]
no
1.Alternative spelling of nò.
[[Louisiana Creole]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Probably from French "nous" or a clipping of Louisiana Creole "nouzòt" and/or French "nous autres".”)
[Pronoun]
no
1.Alternative form of nouzòt (“we, us”)
[[Luxembourgish]]
ipa :/noː/[Adjective]
no (masculine noen, neuter not, comparative méi no, superlative am nächsten)
1.nearby, near, nigh
2.close, closely related
[Etymology]
From Middle High German nāh, from Old High German nāh, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhw, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
[Preposition]
no (+ dative)
1.after (in time)
2.after (in a sequence)
3.according to
4.to, towards (a direction)
[[Middle Dutch]]
[Conjunction]
nō
1.Alternative form of noch
[Further reading]
- “no (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “no (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
[[Middle English]]
ipa :/nɔː/[Etymology 1]
From Old English nā, nō (“adj”).
[Etymology 2]
From Old English nā, nō.
[[Mòcheno]]
[Etymology]
From Middle High German nāch, from Old High German nāh. Cognate with Cimbrian nå and German nach; see there for more.
[Preposition]
no
1.(+ dative) after
[References]
- “no” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
[[Mokilese]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Noun]
no
1.wave
[[Narua]]
[Etymology]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”).
[Pronoun]
no
1.You (singular)
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
[Adverb]
no
1.(obsolete) now (this very moment)
[Alternative forms]
- nå, nu
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/nuː/[Adverb]
no
1.now
[Alternative forms]
- nu, nå (dialectal)
[Etymology]
From Old Norse núna, derived from nú.
[Interjection]
no
1.used when finding something out; when being irritated
2.1861, Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, Ferdaminni fraa Sumaren 1860:
Der maa no vera nokot smaatt fint Gras imillom, som Femulen finner, for ellers kunde der ikki bu annat Liv enn Reinsdyret.
There must be some small fine grass in between for the cattle to find, otherwise no other life than the reindeer could live there.
3.1851, Ludvig Mathias Lindeman, Liti Kjersti og bergekongen (transcription of an oral song):
Gakk no deg i Stova inn
Go (you) inside the house
4.Det kan no faen ikkje stemme at traktor'n var så billeg
It can't be damn right that the tractor was so cheap
5.Er det no sånn at dåkk vil ikkje bli med på fjellturen?
Is it so, that ya'll don't want to join on the mountain trip?
6.Eg skulle no vore på elgjakta no, men i staden for det må eg vera her og rydde.
I was supposed to be on the moose hunt now, but I must be here and clean up instead.
7.Kom igjen no då!
C'mon!
[Noun]
no n (definite singular noet, indefinite plural no, definite plural noa)
1.moment; point in time
[References]
- “no” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
[[Notsi]]
[Further reading]
- Language Complexity: Typology, Contact, Change, edited by Matti Miestamo, Kaius Sinnemäki, Fred Karlsson
[Particle]
no
1.plural marker
[[Old English]]
ipa :/noː/[Adverb]
nō
1.Alternative form of nā
[Etymology]
ne + ā
[[Old Irish]]
[Conjunction]
no
1.Alternative spelling of nó
[[Old Occitan]]
[Adverb]
no
1.no
Antonym: oc
[Alternative forms]
- non
[Etymology]
From Latin non.
[[Pali]]
[Alternative forms]
Alternative forms
- 𑀦𑁄 (Brahmi script)
- नो (Devanagari script)
- নো (Bengali script)
- නො (Sinhalese script)
- နော or ၼေႃ (Burmese script)
- โน (Thai script)
- ᨶᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
- ໂນ (Lao script)
- នោ (Khmer script)
- 𑄚𑄮 (Chakma script)
[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Sanskrit नः (naḥ, “us”).
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Sanskrit नो (no, “and not”).
[Etymology 3]
Emphatic form of nu (“then, now”)
[References]
Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “no”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
[[Papiamentu]]
[Adverb]
no
1.no
2.not
[Etymology]
From Portuguese não and Spanish no and Kabuverdianu nau.
[[Polish]]
ipa :/nɔ/[Etymology 1]
Clipping of ano.[1] Compare Czech no, Masurian nó, Silesian no, Slovak no. First attested in the 19th century.[2]
[Etymology 2]
Clipping of ino, jeno, jedno.[3] First attested in 1749.[4] Compare Silesian no.
[Further reading]
- no in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- no in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “no”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “no”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- no in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
[References]
.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-alpha ol{list-style:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-upper-alpha ol{list-style:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-roman ol{list-style:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-upper-roman ol{list-style:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-greek ol{list-style:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-disc ol{list-style:disc}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-square ol{list-style:square}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-none ol{list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .reflist.nobacklinks .mw-cite-backlink,.mw-parser-output .reflist.nobacklinks li>a{display:none}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-xx-small ol{font-size:xx-small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-x-small ol{font-size:x-small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-smaller ol{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-small ol{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-medium ol{font-size:medium}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-large ol{font-size:large}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-larger ol{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-x-large ol{font-size:x-large}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-xx-large ol{font-size:xx-large}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="2"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="3"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="4"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:4}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="5"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:5}
1. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “no II”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
2. ^ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “no”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 398
3. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “no I”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
4. ^ Aleksandra Wieczorek (07.12.2021), “NO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “no”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 293
[Trivia]
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), no is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 3 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 7 times in essays, 106 times in fiction, and 484 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 600 times, making it the 76th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/nu/[Etymology 1]
From Old Galician-Portuguese no, clipping of eno, from en (“in”) + o (“the”).
[[Rohingya]]
[Alternative forms]
- 𐴕𐴡 (no) - Hanifi Rohingya script
[Etymology]
From Sanskrit नवन् (navan, “nine”).
[Numeral]
no (Hanifi spelling 𐴕𐴡)
1.nine
[[Romanian]]
ipa :/nɔ(ː)/[Interjection]
no
1.(Transylvania) well, so
[[Scottish Gaelic]]
ipa :/nɔ/[Alternative forms]
- air neo, neo, na
[Conjunction]
no
1.or
2.nor
3.neither
[Etymology]
From Old Irish nó, nú, from Proto-Celtic *nowe (compare Welsh neu and Old Breton nou).
[[Serbo-Croatian]]
ipa :/no/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nъ, (Russian но (no), ну (nu)), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nu (Lithuanian nu), from Proto-Indo-European *nu (“now”), (Latin nun-c, Ancient Greek νῦν (nûn)).
[Etymology 2]
From Japanese 能 (nō).
[Etymology 3]
From the conjunction no.
[References]
- “no” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- “no” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- “no” in Hrvatski jezični portal
[[Shabo]]
[Verb]
no
1.go
[[Siane]]
[Noun]
no
1.water
[References]
- The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN
[[Silesian]]
ipa :/ˈnɔ/[Etymology 1]
Clipping of ano. Compare Polish no.
[Etymology 2]
Clipping of ino. Compare Polish no.
[Further reading]
- no in silling.org
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Etymology 1]
From Old Spanish non, from Latin nōn (compare Catalan no, Galician non, French non, Italian no, Portuguese não, Romanian nu).
[Etymology 2]
Contracted form of Latin numero, ablative singular of numerus (“number”).
[Further reading]
- “no”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
[[Sranan Tongo]]
[Etymology 1]
From English no.
[[Tagalog]]
[Particle]
no (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜓ)
1.Alternative spelling of 'no
[[Tok Pisin]]
[Adverb]
no
1.not
2.1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:5:
...i no gat diwai na gras samting i kamap long graun yet, long wanem, em i no salim ren i kam daun yet. Na i no gat man bilong wokim gaden.
...and no tree or kind of herb had appeared on the earth yet, because he had not sent rain to come down yet. And there was no one to work the garden.
[Etymology]
From English no.
[[Vietnamese]]
ipa :[nɔ˧˧][Adjective]
no • (奴, 𩛂)
1.full (of the stomach)
Antonym: đói
Đang no.
I'm full.
No bụng rồi.
My stomach's full.
2.(archaic) full; complete
3.(chemistry, of a solution) saturated
4.(chemistry, of an organic compound) saturated
[Etymology]
From Proto-Vietic *ɗɔː (“satiated”). Cognate with Arem dɑː.
[[Votic]]
ipa :/ˈno/[Etymology 1]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate with Finnish no and Ingrian no.
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Russian но (no).
[References]
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
[[Walloon]]
ipa :/nɔ/[Etymology]
From Old French nom, from Latin nōmen (“name”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.
[Noun]
no m (plural nos)
1.name
[[West Frisian]]
[Adverb]
no
1.now
[Interjection]
no
1.eh, isn't it, true (at end of declarative sentence, forms question to prompt listener's agreement)
[[White Hmong]]
ipa :/nɒ˧/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔnu̯ɔmH (“cold”).[1]
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔneinX (“this”).[1]
[References]
- Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary[5], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 141.
1.↑ 1.0 1.1 Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 277.
[[Yola]]
[Etymology 1]
From Middle English no, from Old English nā.
[References]
1. ^ Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 32
2. ^ Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 129
0
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2024/04/02 15:25
52229
psychovisual
[[English]]
[Adjective]
psychovisual (not comparable)
1.Relating to the psychology of vision.
2.2015, Mohamed Malek, David Helbert, Philippe Carre, “Color graph based wavelet transform with perceptual information”, in Journal of Electronic Imaging (SPIE)[1], volume 24:
Overall, by introducing psychovisual information in the graph computation for the graph wavelet transform we obtain very promising results.
[Etymology]
psycho- + visual
0
0
2024/04/02 15:25
TaN
52230
a
[[Translingual]]
ipa :/ɑː/[Etymology 1]
Modification of capital A.
[Etymology 2]
Abbreviation of atto-, from Danish atten (“eighteen”).
[Etymology 3]
From Latin annum or annus.
[Etymology 4]
Abbreviation of are, from French are.
[Etymology 5]
Abbreviation of English acceleration.
[Etymology 6]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from annuity?”)
[Gallery]
- Letter styles
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of A, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase A in Fraktur
- Approximate form of Greek uppercase Α (a, “alpha”), the source of both common variants of a A in uncial script
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈeɪ/[Etymology 1]
Runic letter ᚫ (a, “ansuz”), source for Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letters replaced by aFrom Middle English and Old English lower case letter a and split of Middle English and Old English lower case letter æ.
- Old English lower case letter a from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case letter a of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚪ (a, “āc”), derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).
- Old English lower case letter æ from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case ligature æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ, “æsc”), also derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).
[Etymology 11]
Borrowed from Russian а (a).
[Etymology 13]
Abbreviations.
1.(stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨a⟩.
2.(stenoscript) the long vowel /eɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written; [ɛə˞] counts as /eɪr/.)
Thus the word a, plus its inflection an.
3.(stenoscript) the word a.m.
4.(stenoscript) the prefix ad-.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English a, an, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”). More at one. The "n" was gradually lost before consonants in almost all dialects by the 15th century. Cognate with Alemannic German a (“a, an”), East Franconian a (“a, an”).
[Etymology 3]
- From Middle English a, o, from Old English a-, an, on.
- Unstressed form of on.
[Etymology 4]
From Middle English a, ha contraction of have, or haven.
[Etymology 5]
From Middle English a, a reduced form of he (“he”)/ha (“he”), heo (“she”)/ha (“she”), ha (“it”), and hie, hie (“they”).
[Etymology 6]
From Middle English of, with apocope of the final f and vowel reduction.
[Etymology 7]
From Northern Middle English aw, alteration of all.
[Etymology 8]
Symbols
[Further reading]
- “a”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “a”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
[Quotations]
Additional quotations for any terms on this page may be found at Citations:a.
[References]
- Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “a”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 1.
- Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909], →ISBN)
- “a” in Christine A. Lindberg, editor, The Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing, 2002, →ISBN, page 1.
- “a, adj.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 2023.
1.↑ 1.0 1.1 Gove, Philip Babcock, (1976)
2.↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 Brown, Lesley, (2003)
3.↑ 3.0 3.1 Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)
4.↑ 4.0 4.1 Oxford University Press, (2023)
[[Abau]]
ipa :/a/[Noun]
a
1.house
[[Afar]]
ipa :/ˈʌ/[Determiner]
á
1.this, these (masculine)
[References]
- E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “a”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[4], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
[[Albanian]]
ipa :/a/[Alternative forms]
- ha (archaic, Buzuku)[2]
[Etymology 1]
- According to Orel, the particle and conjunction are etymologically identical. From Proto-Albanian *a and cognate to Ancient Greek ἦ (ê, “indeed”).[1]
- From Proto-Albanian *(h)au, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eu- (“that”). Cognate to Ancient Greek αὖ (aû, “on the other hand, again”). A proclitic disjunctive particle, used with one or more parts of the sentence.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Albanian *(h)an, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en (“there”). Cognate with Latin an (“yes, perhaps”). Interrogative particle, usually used proclitically in simple sentences.
[Further reading]
- “a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][5] (in Albanian), 1980
- “a”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
[References]
1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998), “a part. ('whether'), conj. ('or')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
2. ^ Mann, S. E. (1948), “a”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 1
[See also]
- (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
[[Ama]]
ipa :/ãː/[Noun]
a
1.tree
[[Anguthimri]]
[References]
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 184
[Verb]
a
1.(transitive, Mpakwithi) to pull
[[Aragonese]]
[Article]
a f sg
1.the
a luenga aragonesa ― the Aragonese language
[Etymology]
From Latin illa.
[[Asturian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Latin ad.
[Noun]
a f
1.a (the name of the letter A, a)
[Preposition]
a
1.to, towards
[[Azerbaijani]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Bambara]]
[Article]
a
1.the (definite article).
[Interjection]
a
1.ah (expression of surprise)
2.eh (expression of reluctance)
[Pronoun]
a
1.they, them (plural)
2.he, she, they (singular)
[Synonyms]
- (they): u
[[Basque]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Basque alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a (indeclinable)
1.The name of the Latin-script letter A.
[[Bavarian]]
ipa :/ɐ/[Etymology 1]
Cognate with German ein and eine.
[Etymology 2]
Unstressed form of ea
[Etymology 3]
Cognate with German auch.
[[Belizean Creole]]
[Preposition]
a
1.of
[References]
- Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 19.
[[Big Nambas]]
ipa :/a/[Preposition]
a
1.in
[References]
- Big Nambas Grammar Pacific Linguistics - G.J. Fox
[[Breton]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.
[[Cameroon Pidgin]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.Alternative spelling of I (“1st person singular subject personal pronoun”)
[[Catalan]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad.
[[Chayuco Mixtec]]
[Conjunction]
a
1.or
[Etymology]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[References]
- Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)[6] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 3, 110
[[Chibcha]]
ipa :/a/[Noun]
a
1.open mouth
2.smell, taste
[References]
- Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
[[Choctaw]]
[Conjunction]
a
1.yes
[[Chuukese]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Adjective]
a
1.he is
2.she is
3.it is
[Pronoun]
a
1.he
2.she
3.it
[Related terms]
[[Cimbrian]]
[Alternative forms]
- an (Sette Comuni)
[Article]
a (oblique masculine an)
1.(Luserna) a, an
Maria iz a lavròunaren. ― Maria is a Lavaronese.
[Etymology]
From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain.
[References]
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
[[Coatepec Nahuatl]]
[Noun]
a
1.water
[[Cora]]
[Antonyms]
- u (“inside; within view”)
[Particle]
a
1.outside
2.out of view (from the speaker)
3.entering a shallow domain; entering a domain in a shallow or restricted manner
atyásuuna káasu hece
The water is pouring into the (shallow) pan.
[References]
- Eugene Casad; Ronald Langacker (1985), “'Inside' and 'outside' in Cora grammar”, in International Journal of American Linguistics
[[Cornish]]
ipa :/aː/[Etymology 1]
Onomatopoeic
[Etymology 2]
Compare Welsh a
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Celtic *ɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.
[[Corsican]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Article]
a f (masculine u, masculine plural i, feminine plural e)
1.the (feminine)
[Etymology]
From the earlier la.
[Pronoun]
a f
1.her, it (direct object)
[References]
- “a” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
[[Czech]]
ipa :[ˈa][Conjunction]
a
1.and
[Etymology]
Inherited from Old Czech a, from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.
[Further reading]
- a in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- a in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
[[Dakota]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (uppercase A)
1.This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
[[Dalmatian]]
[Etymology]
From Latin ad.
[Preposition]
a
1.to
2.at
[[Danish]]
ipa :/æː/[[Dutch]]
ipa :/aː/[Etymology 2]
From Middle Dutch â, from Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
[Etymology 3]
From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.
[[Egyptian]]
[Romanization]
a
1.Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥ.
[[Emilian]]
ipa :/ɐ/[Etymology]
From Latin ego (“I”).
[Pronoun]
a (personal, nominative case)
1.I
2.we
3.you (plural)
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a (accusative singular a-on, plural a-oj, accusative plural a-ojn)
1.The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
[[Estonian]]
ipa :/ˈɑː/[Etymology 1]
a on Estonian Wikipedia
[Etymology 2]
Clipping of aga. Probably influenced by Russian а (a).
[References]
- a in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “a”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (online version, in Estonian), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
[[Fala]]
[Etymology 1]
From Old Galician-Portuguese á, from Latin illa (“that”).
[Etymology 2]
From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”).
[References]
- Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[7], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
[[Faroese]]
ipa :/ɛaː/[Etymology]
From Latin a.
[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Finnish]]
[Etymology 1]
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and a for information on the development of the glyph itself.
[Etymology 2]
German musical notation.
[[Franco-Provençal]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Latin ad.
[Pronoun]
a
1.to
2.at
[[French]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 2]
Quebec eye-dialect spelling of elle.
[Etymology 3]
From Old French a, at from Vulgar Latin *at, from Latin habet.
[Further reading]
- “a”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
[See also]
- à
- â
[[Fula]]
[[Galician]]
ipa :/a̝/[Etymology 1]
From Latin ad (“to, toward”).
[Etymology 2]
From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin illa, feminine of ille (“that”).
[Etymology 4]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[References]
1. ^ Vaz Leão, Ângela (2000), “Questões de linguagem nas Cantigas de Santa Maria, de Afonso X”, in Scripta[1], volume 4, issue 7, →DOI, retrieved 16 November 2017, pages 11-24
[[German]]
ipa :/a/[[Gilbertese]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
[Numeral]
a
1.four
[[Gothic]]
[Romanization]
a
1.Romanization of 𐌰
[[Grass Koiari]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.you (singular)
[References]
- 2010, Terry Crowley & Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics, fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 142.
[[Gun]]
ipa :/à/[Etymology]
Cognates include Fon à.
[Pronoun]
à
1.you (second-person singular subject pronoun)
[[Haitian Creole]]
ipa :/a/[Article]
a
1.the, definite article
[[Hawaiian]]
ipa :/a/[Conjunction]
a
1.and (used between sentences)
2.until, up to
[Preposition]
a
1.of, belonging to
[[Hokkien]]
[[Hungarian]]
ipa :[ˈɒ][Etymology 1]
See az.
[Further reading]
- a in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2021)
- Entries in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ISBN 9630535793
- definite article; pronoun; determiner
- speech sound; letter; first element; abbreviation
- musical note and tone
- interjection for displeasure, contradiction, surprise, disappointment, or pity and (dialectal) interjection for emphasis
[References]
1. ^ a heti at e-nyelv.hu
2. ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280
[See also]
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Zs zs
[[Icelandic]]
ipa :/aː/[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a ?
1.The name of the Latin-script letter A.
[See also]
- (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö
[[Ido]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a (plural a-i)
1.The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
[Preposition]
a
1.Apocopic form of ad
[[Igbo]]
ipa :/á/[Letter]
a (upper case A, lower case a)
1.The first letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Indo-Portuguese]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Portuguese a.
[Preposition]
a
1.to
2.1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3 (overall work in German):
[…] , que da-cá su quião que ta pertencê a êll.
[…] , to give him his share which belongs to him.
[[Indonesian]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Further reading]
- “a” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Indonesian alphabet, called id and written in the Latin script.
2.The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.
[[Ingrian]]
ipa :/ˈɑ/[Conjunction]
a
1.and, but
2.1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 17:
A siä Jaakko, kuhu määt?
And you Jaakko, where are you going?
3.1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
keskipäivääl hää [päivyt] on kaikkiin ylemmääl, a siis alkaa laskiissa.
on midday it [the Sun] is highest, and then it starts to descend.
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Russian а (a).
[References]
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 1
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 15
[[Interlingua]]
ipa :/a/[Preposition]
a
1.to, at
2.to, for (indicating purpose)
sala a attender ― waiting room
[[Inupiaq]]
ipa :/a/[Interjection]
a
1.listen, hark
2.oops (used to acknowledge an error)
3.oh (used to express surprise)
[[Irish]]
ipa :/ə/[Etymology 1]
From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *esyo (the final vowel triggering lenition), feminine Proto-Celtic *esyās (the final -s triggering h-prothesis), plural Proto-Celtic *ēsom (the final nasal triggering eclipsis), all from the genitive forms of Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Welsh ei.
[Etymology 2]
A reduced form of older do (itself a reanalysis of do used in past tenses, and also present in early modern verbs like do-bheirim (“I give”), do-chím (“I see”)), or from the preverb a- in early modern verbs like a-tú (“I am”), a-deirim (“I say”) in relative clauses.
[Etymology 3]
From Old Irish a (“that, which the relative particle used after prepositions”), reanalyzed as an independent indirect relative particle from forms like ar a (“on which, on whom”), dá (“to which, to whom”), or early modern le a (“with which, with whom”), agá (“at which, at whom”) when prepositional pronouns started to be repeated in such clauses (eg. don té agá mbíon cloidheamh (…) aige, daoine agá mbíonn grádh aco do Dhia). Compare the forms used in Munster instead: go (from agá (“at which”)) and na (from i n-a (“in which”), go n-a (“with which”), ria n-a (“before which”) and later lena (“with which”), tréna (“through which”)).
[Etymology 6]
Originally a reduced form of do.
[Further reading]
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “a”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 a (vocative particle)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 a (‘his, her, their’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 a (particle used before numerals)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “4 a (‘that which’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
[Mutation]
[[Istriot]]
[Etymology]
From Latin ad.
[Particle]
a
1.emphasises a verb; mandatory with impersonal verbs
2.1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,
[Preposition]
a
1.at
2.1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,
[[Italian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad. In a few phrases, a stems from Latin ā, ab.
[[Jamaican Creole]]
[Further reading]
- a at majstro.com
- A Learner’s Grammar of Jamaican, The Open Grammar Project
[Particle]
a
1.habitual present tense marker
wan plies we dem a plie haki mach
a place where they play hockey matches
[Preposition]
a
1.Indicates location: at, in, on.
a mi yaad
at my home
2.of
Yunaitid Stiet a Amoerka
United States of America
3.to
Go a skuul.
Go to school.
[Pronoun]
a
1.I
A se it.
I see it.
[[Japanese]]
[Romanization]
a
1.Rōmaji transcription of あ
2.Rōmaji transcription of ア
[[Jersey Dutch]]
ipa :/ʊ/[Letter]
a
1.A letter of the Jersey Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[K'iche']]
ipa :/aː/[Adjective]
a
1.masculine youth indicator
[Adverb]
a
1.(interrogatory) indicator of a question
[Pronoun]
a
1.your
[References]
- Allen J. Christenson, Kʼiche-English dictionary, page 7
[[Kabuverdianu]]
[Letter]
a (uppercase A)
1.The first letter of the Kabuverdianu alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Kabyle]]
[Alternative forms]
- agi
- agini
[Determiner]
a
1.this
a rgaz a
this man
[[Kalasha]]
[Etymology]
From Sanskrit अहम् (ahám).
[Pronoun]
a (Arabic آ)
1.I (1st-person personal pronoun)
[[Kapampangan]]
[Ligature]
a
1.Connects adjectives to nouns.
Romantiku a bengi.
A romantic night.
Pinakapalsintan a tau.
The person I love the most.
Mayap a abak.
Good morning.
Mayap a bengi.
Good night.
Dakal a salamat.
Thank you very much.
[See also]
- na
[[Kari'na]]
ipa :[a][Interjection]
a
1.ah, aah
[References]
-
- Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary[9], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 213
- Yamada, Racquel-María (2010), “a”, in Speech community-based documentation, description, and revitalization: Kari’nja in Konomerume, University of Oregon, page 707
[[Kashubian]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Etymology 1]
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a.
[Etymology 3]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a.
[Further reading]
- Stefan Ramułt (1893), “a”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego, page 1
- Bernard Sychta (1967-1973), “a, a!”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich, volume 1, page 1
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “a”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi, volume 1, page 9
- “A, a”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- “a!”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
[Letter]
a (lowercase, uppercase A)
1.The first letter of the Kashubian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
[[Kayan]]
[Letter]
a
1.a the first letter of Kayan alphabet.
[Pronoun]
a
1.used for he, she, third person.
[[Koitabu]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.you (singular)
[References]
- Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics
[[Krisa]]
ipa :/a/[Noun]
a m
1.pig
Nana a doma.
I shot your pig.
[References]
- Donohue, Mark and San Roque, Lila. I'saka: a sketch grammar of a language of north-central New Guinea. (Pacific Linguistics, 554.) (2004).
[[Ladin]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Latin a.
[Preposition]
a
1.in
2.at
3.to
[[Lashi]]
ipa :/ʔa/[Adverb]
a
1.not
[[Latgalian]]
ipa :[ˈa][Conjunction]
a f
1.and, but
[Etymology]
Ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. The source is not clear:
- Probably borrowed from a Slavic language (compare Russian а (a) and Belarusian а (a)).
- Alternatively, irregularly shortened from *ā, inherited from *ō.Compare Lithuanian o.
[References]
- A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN
[[Latin]]
ipa :/aː/[Etymology 1]
From Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through Etruscan.
[Etymology 2]
From Etruscan.
[Etymology 3]
Alternative form of ab by apocope (not used before a vowel or h).
[Etymology 4]
Expressive.
[Further reading]
- “a”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “a”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- a in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- a - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.
[[Latvian]]
ipa :[a][Etymology]
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
[Further reading]
- a on the Latvian Wikipedia.Wikipedia lv
[Letter]
Aa (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Latvian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a m (invariable)
1.The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
[[Laz]]
[Determiner]
a
1.Latin spelling of ა (a)
[Letter]
a
1.The first letter of the Laz alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Numeral]
a
1.Latin spelling of ა (a)
[[Ligurian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad.
[[Livonian]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Louisiana Creole]]
[Etymology]
From French avoir (“to have”).
[Verb]
a
1.to have
[[Lower Sorbian]]
ipa :/a/[Conjunction]
a
1.and
[Further reading]
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “a”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999), “a”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
2.The name of the Latin-script letter a.
[See also]
- See Template:list:Latin script letters/dsb.
- See Template:list:Latin script letter names/dsb.
[[Lushootseed]]
[Letter]
a
1.The second letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as an open back unrounded vowel.
[[Malay]]
ipa :/e/[Further reading]
- “a” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
[Interjection]
a (Jawi spelling ا)
1.Used to show excitement or to show agreement.
A, macam itulah sepatutnya kaujawab!
Yes, that's how you should answer!
2.Used to show that you have forgotten or are attempting to remember something.
Dia ni, a, salah seorang Perdana Menteri Britain dulu.
This guy is, uh, one of Britain's Prime Ministers in the past.
[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Maltese]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Mandarin]]
[Romanization]
a (a5／a0, Zhuyin ˙ㄚ)
1.Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呵
2.Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啊
3.Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阿a
1.Nonstandard spelling of ā.
2.Nonstandard spelling of á.
3.Nonstandard spelling of ǎ.
4.Nonstandard spelling of à.
[[Mandinka]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.he, him (personal pronoun)
A m busa ― He/she struck me.
Y a busa ― They struck him/her.
2.she, her (personal pronoun)
3.it (personal pronoun)
[[Maori]]
[Particle]
a
1.of
2.(determinative particle for names)
3.(particle for pronouns when succeeding ki, i, kei, and hei)
[[Masurian]]
ipa :[ˈa][Etymology 1]
Inherited from Old Polish a.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a.
[Further reading]
- Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021), “a”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 107-109
[[Mezquital Otomi]]
ipa :/à/[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Otomi *ʔɔ, from Proto-Otomian *ʔɔ.
[References]
- Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo[11] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 1
- Hernández Cruz, Luis; Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)[12] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 3
[[Middle Dutch]]
[Etymology]
From Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
[Further reading]
- “a (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
[Noun]
â f
1.(rare) river, stream, water
[[Middle English]]
[[Middle French]]
[Etymology 1]
From Old French a, from Latin ad.
[Etymology 2]
From Old French, from Latin habet.
[[Middle Welsh]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 4]
Reduction of o (“from”).
[Etymology 5]
From Old Welsh ha.
[Etymology 7]
From Proto-Celtic *ageti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.
[Mutation]
[[Mòcheno]]
[Article]
a (oblique masculine an)
1.a, an
[Etymology]
From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, a”).
[References]
- “a” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
[[Mopan Maya]]
[Article]
a
1.the
[References]
- Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press.
[[Mountain Koiari]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.you (singular)
[References]
- Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics
[[Murui Huitoto]]
[Adverb]
a
1.Superseded spelling of aa.
[References]
- Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)[13] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 19
[[Nauruan]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Pronoun]
a
1.I (first person singular pronoun)
2.2000, Lisa M Johnson, Firstness of Secondness in Nauruan Morphology (overall work in English):
a pudun
1sing fall+Vn
I fell
[…]
a nuwawen
1pers.sing. go+Vn
I did go. (I left.)
[…]
a kaiotien aem
[1pers.sing.] [hear+Vn] [your words]
I hear what you said.
[…]
a nan imoren
1pers.sing. FUT health+Vn
I shall be cured (get better).
[[Navajo]]
ipa :/a˨/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
a = /a˨/
ą = /ã˨/
á = /a˥/
ą́ = /ã˥/
aa = /aː˨˨/
ąą = /ãː˨˨/
áa = /aː˥˨/
ą́ą = /ãː˥˨/
aá = /aː˨˥/
ąą́ = /ãː˨˥/
áá = /aː˥˥/
ą́ą́ = /ãː˥˥/
[[Neapolitan]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin de ab.
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad.
[[Nias]]
[Etymology]
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.
[References]
- Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 15.
[Verb]
a (imperfective manga)
1.(transitive) to eat
[[Norman]]
[Verb]
a
1.(Guernsey) third-person singular present indicative of aver
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
ipa :/ɑː/[Anagrams]
- A, A-, a-
[Etymology 1]
From Latin a, from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through the Etruscan language, from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ), from Proto-Canaanite , from Proto-Sinaitic , from Egyptian 𓃾, representing the head of an ox.
[Etymology 2]
Abbreviation of atto- (“atto-”).
[Etymology 3]
Abbreviation of ar (“are”).
[Etymology 4]
From French à (“to, on, in”).
[Etymology 5]
From Latin ā (“from, away from, out of”), alternative form of ab (“from, away from, out of, down from”).
[Etymology 6]
From Italian a (“in, at, to”).
[Etymology 7]
From Old Norse hana (“her”), accusative form of hón (“she”), from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*hān-), from a prefixed form of Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one; some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one; single”).
[Etymology 8]
From Danish ah (“oh”), likely from German ach (“oh”), from Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah. Also see ah and akk.
[Etymology 9]
Mostly likely from Norwegian ad (“against, on”), from Danish ad (“by, at”), from Old Danish at, from Old Norse at (“at, to”), from Proto-Germanic *at (“at, toward, to”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”).
[References]
- “a” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “a” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “a” in Store norske leksikon
- a on the Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia.Wikipedia nb
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/ɑː/[Etymology 3]
From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.
[References]
- “a” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
- a on the Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia.Wikipedia nn
[[Nupe]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 3]
Clipping of lá
[Etymology 4]
Clipping of gà
[[Occitan]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin ad.
[[Old Czech]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.
[References]
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “a”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
[[Old Danish]]
ipa :/ɑː/[Alternative forms]
- aa (Jutlandic)
[Etymology 1]
From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ana.
[[Old Dutch]]
[Etymology]
From Proto-West Germanic *ahu.
[Noun]
ā f
1.river, stream, water
[[Old English]]
ipa :/ɑː/[Adverb]
ā
1.ever, always
[Alternative forms]
- āwa, āwo, ō
[Etymology]
From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“eternity, age”).
[[Old French]]
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad.
[Etymology 4]
From Latin ab.
[[Old Galician-Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Latin ad (“toward, to”).
[Etymology 2]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[[Old Irish]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Celtic *sosim (“this”).
[Etymology 2]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *ēsom (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).
[Etymology 4]
From Proto-Celtic *ā (compare Welsh a), from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).
[Etymology 6]
From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.
[[Old Polish]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a. First attested in the first half of 14th century.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. First attested in the first half of 14th century.
[References]
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “a”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “a, ha”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
[[Old Swedish]]
ipa :/aː/[Alternative forms]
- ᛆ
[Declension]
Declension of ā (ō-stem)
[Etymology]
From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
[Noun]
ā f
1.creek, river
[References]
- å in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
[[Omaha-Ponca]]
[Noun]
a
1.arm
[References]
- Omaha Ponca digital dictionary
[[Ometepec Nahuatl]]
[Noun]
a
1.water
[[Oromo]]
[Noun]
a (plural aa)
1.The first letter of the Oromo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Palauan]]
[Etymology 1]
From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a.
[Etymology 2]
From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a, from Proto-Austronesian *a.
[[Papiamentu]]
[Etymology 3]
From Portuguese a.
[[Polish]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.
[Etymology 2]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) First attested in the the year 1551.[1]
[Etymology 3]
Abbreviation of ar.
[Etymology 4]
Inherited from Old Polish a.
[Etymology 5]
Inherited from Old Polish a.
[Further reading]
- a in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- a in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “A”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 31.05.2022
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 1
[References]
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1. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “a”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1
[Trivia]
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), a is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 555 times in scientific texts, 307 times in news, 507 times in essays, 703 times in fiction, and 1175 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 3226 times, making it the 13th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.
[Etymology 2]
From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin illa (with the disappearance of an initial l; compare Spanish la).
[Etymology 3]
From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”) and ab (“from, away, by”).
[Etymology 5]
From homophone há.
[Etymology 6]
From homophone à.
[[Rapa Nui]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Etymology 1]
From Proto-Polynesian *a. Cognates include Maori a and Tongan ʻa.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *a. Cognates include Hawaiian ā and Maori ā.
[References]
- Paulus Kieviet (2017) A grammar of Rapa Nui[15], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 102
[[Rawang]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Pronoun]
a (upper case A)
1.proximate demonstrative pronoun
Alòng èlámò.
Dry this one.
Ló webǿng nàí baqòé, ngàí abǿng bakngò lé" wa.
Well, you carry that side, I will carry this side.
A wedø nø bvttut mvjòǃ
Oh, it is absolutely wrong to do (it) that way.
[Suffix]
a
1.verbal suffix for marking benefactive of the V.
[[Romagnol]]
ipa :[ˈaɐ̯][Etymology 1]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ego.
[Etymology 3]
Inherited from Latin ad, a (“to, toward”).
[[Romani]]
ipa :/a/[References]
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “a”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 134
[[Romanian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Romanian, from a late Vulgar Latin *ae(t), from Latin habet.[1]
[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Romanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[References]
1. ^ http://www.lingv.ro/RRL%201-2%202009%20Nevaci,%20Todi.pdf
[[Sardinian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin ac, alternative form of atque (“and, and also; as, then”).
[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”).
[Etymology 3]
From Latin aut (“or”), from Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), derived from *h₂ew (“away from, off”). Doublet of o.
[References]
- Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964), “a1”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
- Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964), “a2”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
- Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964), “a3”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
[[Sassarese]]
ipa :/a/[Alternative forms]
- ad (before a vowel)
[Etymology]
From Latin ad, from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd.
[Preposition]
a
1.
2. Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action; to, sometimes untranslated
3.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter VI, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][16], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 14, page 19:
Si però no abeddi a paldunà all’ omini: nemmancu lu voltru Babbu paldunarà a voi li voltri piccaddi.
[Si però no abeddi a pardhunà a l'omini: nemmancu lu vosthru Babbu pardhunarà a voi li vosthri piccaddi.]
But, if you won't forgive man, neither will your Father forgive you for your sins.
4.c. 19th century, Sebastiano di Branca, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese[17], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 1, page 59:
Divìlu a cha t’ha mandaddu
Ch’iltoggu com’ edda sà,
Ch’è superflu priguntà
Com’ iltazi un dildiciaddu.
[Dìvvilu a ca t'ha mandaddu
Ch'isthoggu com' edda sa
Ch'è superfluu priguntà
Com' isthazi un disdhicciaddu.]
Tell it to the one who sent you, that I feel exactly like she knows; for it is superfluous to ask an unfortunate how he's doing.
5.1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
Lu branu a me no piazi
I don't like spring
(literally, “The spring to me is not pleasant”)
6.
7. Used to indicate destination; to
8.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter III, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][18], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 7, page 8:
Videndi però assai di li Farisei, e di li Sadduzzei, chi viniani a lu so’ battisgimu, li dizisi: Razza di pibbari, ca vi ha ammultraddu di fuggì dall’ira, chi debi vinì?
[Videndi però assai di li Farisei, e di li Sadduzzei, chi vinìani a lu so' battìsgimu, li dizisi: Razza di pìbbari, ca vi ha ammusthraddu di fuggì da l’ira, chi debi vinì?]
But he, seeing many of the Pharisees and Sadducees, who were coming to his baptism, told them: "You vipers! Who showed you to flee from the wrath that is to come?
9.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Pascha d’amòri [Easter of love]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 75:
Chi prufumi di fiòri,
canti disìzi i lu córi!
Giunti sò li rissignóri
a la Pascha di l’amòri.
Such a sweet smell of flowers; so many desires inside the heart! The nightingales have come to the Easter of love.
10.
11. Used to indicate purpose; to
12.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter II, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][19], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 23, page 7:
E andesi a abità in la ziddai, chi si ciama Nazaret
And he went to live in the city that is called Nazareth
13.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Nò è succu nò l'amòri [No, love is not pastina]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 61:
Sòri e luna gira gira
zi passabani li dì.
Trabagliaba a fà siènda.
Sun and moon going around, the days went by. I was working to make money.
14.
15. Used with adverbs expressing position or proximity; to, sometimes untranslated
16.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter IV, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][20], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 17, page 11:
Caminendi però Gesù vizinu a lu mari di Galilea, vidisi due fraddeddi, Scimoni, chi si ciama Peddru, e Andria so’ fraddeddu, chi gittabani la rezza in mari (palchì erani pilcadori)
[Caminendi però Gesù vizinu a lu mari di Galilea, vidisi due fraddeddi, Scimoni, chi si ciama Peddru, e Andria so’ fraddeddu, chi gittàbani la rezza in mari (parchì érani pischadori)]
But Jesus, walking by the Sea of Galilee, saw two brothers: Simon, named Peter, and his brother Andrew, casting a drag into the sea (for they were fishers)
(literally, “Walking however Jesus close to the sea of Galilee, saw two brothers, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, who were throwing a net into the sea (because they were fishers)”)
17.1956, Salvator Ruju, Sassari véccia e nóba; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 77:
Èdda è sèmpri cu la frébba
candu noi passemu impari
sott’a lu só balchòni.
She always has a fever whenever we pass, together, under her balcony.
18.
19. Used to indicate a moment in time; at
20.1956, Salvator Ruju, “In triatu [At the theater]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 78:
Chi nuttada di duròri!
Nò pudia più rassignammi
ma se’ giunta a cunfurthammi
a l’iscida di lu sòri.
What a night of torment! I could no longer make peace with that, but you came to comfort me at the break of dawn.
(literally, “What a night of pain! I couldn't anymore make peace, but you came to comfort me at the coming out of the sun.”)
21.1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Dipididda [Departure]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 15:
Lu disthinu di l’ommu ciamba pianu,
ma caggi a una zerth’ora […]
The fate of man changes slowly, but it arrives at some point
22.
23. Used to indicate a period of time; in
24.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Nò è succu nò l'amòri [No, love is not pastina]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 61:
A li festhi, dugna tantu,
i l’isthagnu e i lu riu
cazzïendi a spassamira.
In the festivities, every so often, [I was] hunting in the pond, or in the stream, to have fun.
25.
26. in, about, with regard to
27.c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese[21], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 15, page 87:
Dunca lu megliu è
Tu pensa a la to’ pazi, ed eju a me.
[Dunca lu mégliu è
Tu pensa a la to' pazi, ed éiu a' me.]
So the best [thing] is: you think about your own peace, and I [think] about myself.
28.1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A tale]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 49:
Erani amigghi cari, ma, girosi
l’unu di l’althru, […]
[…]
s’invintàbani umbè d’innamuraddi
gariggendi a ca più fèmmini v'abìa.
They were close friends, but, [being] jealous of one another, they would make up lots of lovers, competing for having the most girls.
(literally, “They were dear friends, but, jealous one of the other, they invented lots of lovers, competing in who had the most girls.”)
29.
30. Used to indicate a comparison; to
31.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter VI, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][22], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 8, page 18:
No vògliaddi dunca assimigliavvi a eddis. Palchì lu voltru Babbu sa lu chi è nezzessariu a voi, prima chi vi lu dimàndiaddi.
[No vógliaddi dunca assimigliavvi a eddi. Parchì lu vosthru Babbu sa lu chi è nezzessàriu a voi, prima chi vi lu dimàndiaddi.]
So do not be similar to them, because your Father knows what you need, before you ask him.
32.
33. Denotes the direct object
34.1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter I, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew][23], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 2, page 1:
Abramu generesi a Isaccu. Isaccu generesi a Giacobbu. Giacobbu generesi a Giuda, e a li so’ fraddeddi.
Abraham begot Isaac, and Isaac begot Jacob, and Jacob begot Judah and his brothers
35.c. 19th century, Gavino Serra, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese[24], volume 2 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, song 42, page 129:
Di tanti cantendi, e tanti
Mancuna incantesi a me,
Ma da ch’aggiu intesu a te
Tu sei l’unica ch’incanti.
Of so, so many singers, not one enchanted me; yet, since I've heard you, you're the only one who enchants.
36.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Tuttu m’ammentu… [I remember everything…]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina, page 123; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN:
E nò l’aggiu iparadi chissi ingordhi
isthruidori d’abi
pa cuntintà a tè.
And I didn't shoot those greedy destroyers of bees, just to make you happy.
37.1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Lu trabagliu [Work]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 23:
Abà zappu una terra asciutta e tóstha
azzuppendi a la rocca,
a la prunizza. […]
Here I hoe dry, hard land, clashing against rock and thornbush.
38.
39. Indicates manner.
40.c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese[25], volume 2 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, song 15, page 90:
A cori abbeltu e cun sinziriddai
Ti diggu chi soggu omu
[A cori abbérthu e cun sinziriddai
Ti diggu chi soggu omu]
With an open heart, and with honesty, I tell you that I am a man
41.1956, Salvator Ruju, “In triatu [At the theater]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 78:
E più bèdda éri di tanti
chi i li palchi a mill’ischudi,
a pittorri e a brazzi nudi,
facci tinti e in brillanti,
mi pariani puppì
assintadi i la musthrina.
And you were more beautiful than so many [others], who—on thousand-dollars stages, with bare breasts and arms, painted faces, and bejewelled, looked to me like dolls set in a showcase.
(literally, “And more beautiful you were than many who on the stages for a thousand scudos, with breasts and with arms bare, faces painted and in jewels, to me seemed dolls sat in the showcase.”)
42.
43. Indicates shape.
44.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Ischolta, Rimundì! [Listen, Raimondica!]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 70:
Peggiu pa tè chi sei fea,
nasu a boccia e musthazzuda,
faccia di giàtta marruda,
vèrdhi cument’e la zèa.
Sucks to be you, being ugly, [with a] ball-shaped nose, and moustached, [with a] sharp catlike face, green like beet.
45.
46. Used to introduce a question.
47.1956, Salvator Ruju, “Màggiu [May]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 81:
A mi credi, Rusì, ch’era pinsendi
a Giuseppinu candu sarà mannu?
Mi pari di vidéllu a cabidannu
in mézu a tutti l’althri vinnannendi.
Can you believe, Rosina, that I was thinking about Giuseppino, when he's going to be grown up? I can almost see him, in September, harvesting grapes amongst all the others.
(literally, “Do you believe me, Rosina, that I was thinking about Giuseppino, when he will be big? It seems to me to see him in September in the middle of all the others harvesting grapes.”)
48.2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese[26]:
Ma tu ca sei? Da undi n’accùdi? Ah, t’abìa invitaddu Antonio? A lu sai chi da abà ti baddarài di lu frèddu a la sóra?
Who are you? Where are you from? Oh, so Antonio invited you? Do you know that from now on you're going to dance alone in the cold?
[References]
- Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
[[Satawalese]]
ipa :/a/[Pronoun]
a (third-person singular)
1.he
2.she
3.it
[References]
Kevin M. Roddy (2007), "A Sketch Grammar Of Satawalese, The Language Of Satawal Island, Yap State, Micronesia"
[[Scots]]
ipa :[ə][Etymology 2]
From Middle English a, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”).
[[Scottish Gaelic]]
ipa :/ə/[Etymology 2]
From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *ā. Cognates include Irish a and Welsh a.
[Etymology 3]
From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.
[Etymology 4]
From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.
[Etymology 5]
From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.
[Etymology 6]
From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.
[Etymology 7]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[Etymology 8]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
[References]
- MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “a”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
- Colin Mark (2003) The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 1
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “a”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
[[Serbo-Croatian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
See Translingual section.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).
[Etymology 3]
Attested since the 15th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Slovene a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.
[References]
- “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- Skok, Petar (1971), “a”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 1
[[Sicilian]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 1]
From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).
[Etymology 2]
From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.
[Etymology 3]
From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.
[Etymology 4]
From the merge of Latin ad and ab.
[[Silesian]]
ipa :/ˈa/[Etymology 1]
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Old Polish a.
[Etymology 3]
Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a.
[Further reading]
- a in dykcjonorz.eu
- a in silling.org
[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Skolt Sami]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Etymology 1]
See Translingual section.
[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Russian а (a) 'but'.[1]
[[Slovak]]
[Etymology 1]
From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).
[Further reading]
- “a”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
[[Slovene]]
ipa :/áː/[Etymology 1]
From Gaj's Latin alphabet a, from Czech alphabet a, modification of capital A, itself derived from the Etruscan letter 𐌀 (a), from the Ancient Greek letter Α (A, “alpha”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓃾.
[Etymology 2]
Attested since the 18th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.
[Etymology 3]
From Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Indo-European *ō̃t, which is ablative form of Proto-Indo-European *e- 'this'. Cognates with Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a) and Czech a.
[Further reading]
- “a”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
[See also]
- (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Vv, Zz, Žž
- à
- á
- ã
- ä
- å
- ā
- ą
- ȁ
- ȃ
- ȧ
- ḁ
- ali
[[Slovincian]]
[Etymology 1]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and; but”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Compare Kashubian a, Polish a.
[Etymology 2]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“ah!”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ā. Compare Kashubian a, Polish a.
[References]
- Lorentz, Friedrich (1908), “a”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1
- Lorentz, Friedrich (1908), “ã”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 2]
From Latin ad (“to”).
[[Sranan Tongo]]
[Article]
a (singular)
1.the
[Particle]
a
1.(copula) to be (used with a noun phrase as complement)
Synonym: na
[Preposition]
a
1.at, to
Synonym: na
[Pronoun]
a
1.he, she, it
2.ca. 1765, Pieter van Dyk, Nieuwe en nooit bevoorens geziene Onderwyzinge in het Bastert, of Neeger Engels, zoo als het zelve in de Hollandsze Colonien gebruikt word [New and unprecedented instruction in Bastard or Negro English, as it is used in the Dutch colonies][28], Frankfurt/Madrid: Iberoamericana, retrieved 20 March 2021:
Odi mijn heer hoe fa joe tan gran tanki fo myn heer a komi ja fo loeke da pranasie wan trom.
Good day, Sir, how are you? Many thanks to Sir, (that) he has come here to look at the plantation on this occasion.
[[Sumerian]]
[Romanization]
a
1.Romanization of 𒀀 (a)
[[Swahili]]
[Particle]
-a
1.The genitive particle; adjectival particle; of
[[Swedish]]
[Interjection]
a
1.(Internet slang, text messaging) Pronunciation spelling of ja (“yes”).
aa d ere
yeah, it is
[Letter]
a (name a, uppercase form A)
1.The first letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Preposition]
a
1.from (very formal, seldom used outside written formal texts.)
[[Tagalog]]
ipa :/ˈʔej/[Etymology 1]
From Spanish a. Each pronunciation has a different source:
- Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English a.
- Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜀ (a).
- Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish a.
[Further reading]
- “a”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
[[Tarantino]]
[Preposition]
a
1.in
2.at
3.to
[[Tày]]
ipa :[ʔaː˧˧][Etymology 2]
From Proto-Tai *ʔaːᴬ (“father's younger sister”). Cognate with Lao ອາ (ʼā), Thai อา (aa).
[References]
- Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary][29][30] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][31] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
[[Tok Pisin]]
[Etymology]
Imitative or onomatopoeia.
[Interjection]
a
1.eh?
2.1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:1:
God, Bikpela i bin wokim olgeta animal, tasol i no gat wanpela bilong ol inap winim snek long tok gris. Na snek i askim meri olsem, “Ating God i tambuim yutupela long kaikai pikinini bilong olgeta diwai bilong gaden, a?”
→New International Version translation
[[Tokelauan]]
ipa :[a][Etymology 1]
From Proto-Polynesian *a. Cognates include Maori a and Tuvaluan a.
[Etymology 2]
From Proto-Polynesian *qa. Cognates include Hawaiian a and Samoan a.
[References]
- R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary[32], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 1
[[Tooro]]
ipa :/a/[Particle]
-a
1.The genitive particle; adjectival particle; of
[References]
- Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary[33] (in English), Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 415
[[Turkish]]
ipa :/ɑ/[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Turkish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Noun]
a
1.The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
[[Turkmen]]
ipa :/a/[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Turkmen alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[[Tyap]]
ipa :/a/[Interjection]
a
1.ah (expression of surprise, question)
2.eh (expression of reluctance)
[Letter]
a (upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Tyap alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Pronoun]
a
1.you (2nd person subject singular personal pronoun)a̱
1.he/she (3rd person singular personal pronoun)á̱
1.they (indefinite) (3rd person plural personal pronoun)
[See also]
-
- (Latin-script letters) A a, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cy cy, D d, E e, F f, G g, Gb gb, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, Ghy ghy, H h, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jy jy, K k, Kh kh, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, Ng ng, Ny ny, O o, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, Shy shy, T t, Ts ts, U u, V v, W w, Y y, Z z
[[Upper Sorbian]]
[Conjunction]
a
1.and
2.the (establishing a parallel between two comparatives)
starši a mudriši ― the older, the smarter
dlěje a hórje ― the longer, the worse
[Further reading]
- “a” in Soblex
[[Vietnamese]]
ipa :[ʔaː˧˧][Etymology 1]
Borrowed from French a.
[[Votic]]
ipa :/ˈɑ/[Etymology 2]
Borrowed from Russian а (a).
[Etymology 3]
Natural. Compare Russian а (a).
[References]
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
[See also]
- aa
- aah
- ah
- haa
- see other Votic letters
[[Walloon]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology]
From Latin ad.
[Preposition]
a
1.at
[[Welsh]]
ipa :/aː/[Etymology 3]
From Old Welsh a(c), from Proto-Brythonic *(h)a, from Proto-Indo-European *ad-gʰe (compare Welsh ag and Cornish ha).
[[West Makian]]
ipa :/a/[References]
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[34], Pacific linguistics
[[Yola]]
ipa :/iː/[Etymology 1]
From Middle English þe, from Old English þe.
[Etymology 2]
From Middle English a, an, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”).
[Etymology 3]
Unstressed form of an.
[References]
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 21
- https://web.archive.org/web/20050222031415/http://homepage.tinet.ie/~taghmon/histsoc/vol3/chapter4/chapter4.htm
[[Yoruba]]
ipa :/a/[Etymology 2]
Likely a clipping of àwa (“we (emphatic pronoun)”)
[[Yucatec Maya]]
[Pronoun]
a
1.you (second-person singular pronoun)
[[Zazaki]]
[Letter]
a
1.The first letter of the Zazaki alphabet, written in the Latin script.
[Pronoun]
a f
1.she
[[Zhuang]]
ipa :/ʔa˨˦/[Etymology 1]
Compare Chinese 鴉／鸦 (yā).
[[Zou]]
ipa :/a˧/[Noun]
a
1.hen
[References]
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41
[[Zulu]]
[Letter]
a (lower case, upper case A)
1.The first letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.
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TaN
52231
rendition
[[English]]
ipa :/ɹɛnˈdɪʃ(ə)n/[Anagrams]
- nitrenoid
[Etymology]
From obsolete French rendition, alteration (after rendre (“to render”)) of reddition (“reddition”). Many senses influenced by render.
[Noun]
rendition (countable and uncountable, plural renditions)
1.An interpretation or performance of an artwork, especially a musical score or musical work. [from 19th c.]
2.2011 April 12, Paul Lester, The Guardian:
The group's debut, Beloved Symphony, featuring light opera renditions of Mozart, Bach and Chopin, was deemed insufficiently classic for inclusion on the classical charts.
3.2017 June 25, “Vaccines”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 4, episode 17, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:
Yes. That is Rob Schneider performing an impromptu rendition of his famous character: the annoying guy who is wrong.
4.A given visual reproduction of something. [from 20th c.]
5.Translation between languages, or between forms of a language; a translated text or work. [from 17th c.]
6.(law, chiefly US) Formal deliverance of a verdict. [from 18th c.]
7.(law, chiefly US) The handing-over of someone wanted for justice who has fled a given jurisdiction; extradition. [from 19th c.]
8.2011 March 30, Ian Cobain, The Guardian:
Since then, according to his lawyers and relatives, he has been repeatedly beaten, threatened with a firearm and with further rendition to Guantánamo by Ugandan officials, before being questioned by American officials.
9.(now rare) The surrender (of a city, fortress etc.). [from 17th c.]
10.(now rare) The handing over of a person or thing. [from 17th c.]
[See also]
- rendition on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[Verb]
rendition (third-person singular simple present renditions, present participle renditioning, simple past and past participle renditioned)
1.(transitive) To surrender or hand over (a person or thing); especially, for one jurisdiction to do so to another.
2.2007, Thomas G. Mitchell, Antislavery Politics in Antebellum and Civil War America[1], Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 60:
Records show that only about three hundred fugitive slaves were renditioned to the South between 1850 and secession a decade later.
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52232
Oslo
[[English]]
ipa :/ˈɒzləʊ/[Anagrams]
- Loos, OOLs, loos, sloo, solo, sool
[Etymology]
From Norwegian Oslo, from Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. Another theory is that it comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely. The second element is ló f or n (“meadow”), from Proto-Germanic *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (compare the suffix -ley in English place-names).
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.A county and municipality, the capital city of Norway. Formerly called Christiania and Kristiania.
2.A tiny city in Marshall County, in northwest Minnesota, United States.
3.An unincorporated community in Vernon Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States.
4.An unincorporated community in Indian River County, Florida, United States.
[See also]
- Oslo paper (possibly etymologically related???)
[[Afrikaans]]
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Catalan]]
ipa :[ˈɔz.lo][Proper noun]
Oslo m
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Czech]]
ipa :[ˈoslo][Further reading]
- Oslo in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
- Oslo in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- Oslo in Internetová jazyková příručka
[Proper noun]
Oslo n (related adjective osloský or oselský) or less commonly
Oslo n (indeclinable, related adjective osloský or oselský, demonym Oslan)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Danish]]
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Dutch]]
ipa :/ˈɔs.loː/[Alternative forms]
- Ansloo, Anslo, Ansloe
[Anagrams]
- loos
[Etymology]
Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.
[Proper noun]
Oslo n
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[See also]
- Christiania
[[Esperanto]]
ipa :[ˈoslo][Proper noun]
Oslo (accusative Oslon)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Estonian]]
ipa :/ˈoslo/[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Faroese]]
[Proper noun]
Oslo ?
1.(official) alternative form of Ósló
[[Finnish]]
ipa :/ˈoslo/[Etymology]
From Norwegian Oslo.
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[French]]
ipa :/ɔ.slo/[Proper noun]
Oslo f
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[German]]
ipa :/ˈɔsloː/[Proper noun]
Oslo n (proper noun, genitive Oslos or (optionally with an article) Oslo)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Hungarian]]
ipa :[ˈosloː][Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Italian]]
ipa :/ˈɔ.zlo/[Anagrams]
- solo
[Proper noun]
Oslo f
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Latvian]]
[Proper noun]
Oslo ? ({{{2}}} declension)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Norwegian Bokmål]]
ipa :/ˈʊslʊ/[Anagrams]
- solo
[Etymology]
From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló, first part from áss (“a god in Norse mythology”) + last part from ló (“meadow”).
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
2.Oslo (a city in Marshall County, in northwest Minnesota, United States)
3.Oslo (an unincorporated community in Vernon Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States)
4.Oslo (an unincorporated community in Indian River County, Florida, United States)
[References]
- “Oslo” in Store norske leksikon
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
ipa :/²uslu/[Alternative forms]
- Åslo (obsolete)
- Ósló (nonstandard spelling, dialectal)
[Anagrams]
- solo
[Etymology]
From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. The name Ósló then comes from older *Ǫ́sló where the ǫ́ is nasalised (whence the -n- in Dutch Ansloo and Latin Ansloa), from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᚨᚢᚺᚢ (*ansulauhu), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god, deity”) + *lauhō f,[1][2] *lauhaz m (“clearing, meadow”). According to Sandnes and Stemshaug, the name has likely been around since before the first century.[3]Another theory is that the first part comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely, as there would be no explanation for ó- found in Ósló. The geologist Tom V. Segalstad has claimed that it comes from Old Norse ufs (“steep mountainside”), based on the Danicised spelling Opsloe.[4] However, this form was never used in Norwegian, and various borrowings have -n- to signify a nasal vowel, which ufs would not have.Cognates include Faroese and Icelandic Ósló, Dutch Ansloo and (also Low German) Anslo, and Latin Ansloa, Asloa, Osloa (Latinisations).Between 1624 and 1925, Oslo referred to the old town of Oslo, a mediaeval town that burnt down in 1624. When the city was rebuilt, king Christian IV of Denmark named the new city Christiania (later spelling: Kristiania) after himself. During the 1800s, various authors would begin taking the old name back and the city officially changed its name to Oslo in 1925. The location of the old town got the name Gamlebyen (literally “Old Town”), now a neighbourhood in the modern city.
[Further reading]
-
- “Oslo” in Store norske leksikon
[Proper noun]
Oslo f
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
2.1912, Ivar Aasen, “Um Namnet Oslo”, in Skrifter i samling, page 204:
Han berre klagar paa det, at Namnet sidan vardt burtskutlat, med di at Kong Kristian IV i Aaret 1624 «hadde det uheppne Innfallet at umbyta det eldgamle ærverdige Namnet Oslo med det nye, sjølvuppfundne og halvbarbariske Namn Christiania». […] Og detta er vel ogso den rettaste Synsmaaten.
His [P. A. Munch’s] only complaint was that the name was later thrown away, as king Christian IV in the year 1624 “had the unfortunate idea of switching out the old honourable name Oslo with the new, self-invented and half-barbaric name Christiania”. […] And this is probably also the most correct way to look at it.
3.2000, “Hytta I Oslo [Cabin In oslo]”:
Folk kjøper seg hytta på Geilo og Gol. Dei vil stå litt på slalåm og slikka litt sol. Eg kjenne det krible, eg har eit begjær: Eg vil ha hytta i Oslo; det er der eg vil vær.
People buy cabins in Geilo and Gol. They want to stand on slalom and lick some sun. I feel it tingle, I have a lust: I want a cabin in Oslo; there is where I want to be.
4.(historical) a mediaeval town to the east of Bjørvika, now inside the modern city of Oslo, Norway
Synonym: (modern name) Gamlebyen
5.1900, Snorri Sturluson, translated by Steinar Schjøtt, Kongesogur [Kings’ sagas]:
Kong Harald lét byggja ein kaupstad aust i Oslo, og sat der tidt; for de var godt for tilførst der, og de var rike bygdir umkring.
King Harald had built a merchant town in the East at Oslo, where he often resided; for there was good supply from the extensive cultivated district wide around.
6.ellipsis of Oslo bispedøme (“Diocese of Oslo”).
bisp i Oslo ― bishop in (the Diocese of) Oslo
[References]
1. ^ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN
2. ^ Alf Torp (1919) Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok, Kristiania: Aschehoug
3. ^ Jørn Sandnes; Ola Stemshaug (1997) Norsk stadnamnleksikon, Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, →ISBN
4. ^ Tom V. Segalstad (17th February 2018), “Oslo het lenge Opsloe. Men hva betyr det?”, in Aftenposten[1]
5. ^ Hanne Østli Jakobsen (21st January 2013), “Oslo, som i Orslo”, in forskning.no[2]
[[Polish]]
ipa :/ˈɔs.lɔ/[Further reading]
- Oslo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- Oslo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
[Proper noun]
Oslo n (indeclinable)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Portuguese]]
ipa :/ˈɔz.lu/[Etymology]
Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.
[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Serbo-Croatian]]
ipa :/ôslo/[Proper noun]
Ȍslo n (Cyrillic spelling О̏сло)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Slovak]]
ipa :[ˈɔslɔ][Etymology]
Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.
[Proper noun]
Oslo n (genitive singular Osla, declension pattern of mesto)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[References]
- “Oslo”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
[[Spanish]]
ipa :/ˈoslo/[Proper noun]
Oslo f
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Swedish]]
ipa :/ˈʊslʊ/[Proper noun]
Oslo n (genitive Oslos)
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
[[Turkish]]
ipa :/osɫo/[Proper noun]
Oslo
1.Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
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2024/04/02 19:06
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52233
overtaking
[[English]]
[Anagrams]
- taking over
[Further reading]
- overtaking on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
[Noun]
overtaking (plural overtakings)
1.The act by which one thing overtakes another.
Antonym: undertaking (passing a vehicle on the curbside)
2.2007, Majid Ali Khan, Coalition Formation and Teamwork in Embodied Agents, page 61:
Figure 3.12 shows the number of overtakings as a function of the density of the vehicles. In general, the smaller the number of overtakings, the safer the traffic.
[Verb]
overtaking
1.present participle and gerund of overtake
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2022/03/19 21:31
2024/04/03 09:41
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52234
overtake
[[English]]
ipa :/əʊvə(ɹ)ˈteɪk/[Anagrams]
- take over, takeover
[Etymology]
From Middle English overtaken, likely an replacement alteration (as the Middle English verb taken replaced nimen (“to take”)), of Middle English overnimen (“to overtake”), from Old English oferniman (“to take by surprise, overtake”), equivalent to over- + take.
[Noun]
overtake (plural overtakes)
1.An act of overtaking; an overtaking maneuver.
There wasn't enough distance left before the bend for an overtake, so I had to trundle behind the tractor for another mile.
[Verb]
overtake (third-person singular simple present overtakes, present participle overtaking, simple past overtook, past participle overtaken)
1.To pass a slower moving object or entity (on the side closest to oncoming traffic).
Antonym: undertake (“to pass a slower moving vehicle on the curbside”)
The racehorse overtook the lead pack on the last turn.
The car was so slow we were overtaken by a bus.
2.1862, [William] Wilkie Collins, chapter II, in No Name. […], volume II, London: Sampson Low, Son, & Co., […], →OCLC, 4th (Aldborough, Suffolk), pages 176–177:
"I won't over-walk myself," he said, cheerfully. "If the coach doesn't overtake me on the road, I can wait for it where I stop to breakfast. Dry your eyes, my dear; and give me a kiss."
3.2019 October, “Funding for 20tph East London service”, in Modern Railways, page 18:
The station is planned to include platform loops enabling fast trains to overtake slower ones and is expected to be served by at least four trains per hour towards London.
4.(economics) To become greater than something else
5.To occur unexpectedly; take by surprise; surprise and overcome; carry away
Our plans were overtaken by events.
6.1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 34”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […][1], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:
VVhy didſt thou promiſe ſuch a beautious day, / And make me trauaile forth vvithout my cloake, / To let bace cloudes ore-take me in my vvay, / Hiding thy brau'ry in their rotten ſmoke.
[[Norwegian Nynorsk]]
[Verb]
overtake (present tense overtek, past tense overtok, past participle overteke, passive infinitive overtakast, present participle overtakande, imperative overtak)
1.Alternative form of overtaka
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52235
billionaire
[[English]]
ipa :/ˌbɪl.i.əˈnɛə(ɹ)/[Etymology]
From billion + -aire.
[Noun]
billionaire (plural billionaires)
1.Somebody whose wealth is greater than one billion (109) dollars, or other currency.
Synonym: (rare) milliardaire
2.2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:
Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. […] Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
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2024/04/03 09:42
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52236
suspected
[[English]]
ipa :/səsˈpɛktɪd/[Adjective]
suspected (not comparable)
1.believed to be a cause or at fault.
Bring in the suspected vandal.
[Verb]
suspected
1.simple past and past participle of suspect
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